I think it's implausible that the Roman frontier defenses were in any way, shape, or form dependent on the Chinese frontier defenses. The concept of a wall is quite universal, and the idea that a big wall on the borders will keep out invadors is nothing if not obvious.
Keep in mind that Chinese archaeology is notorious for misrepresenting history for Chinese propaganda purposes.
"Ah, Scotch! Was inwented by little old lady from St. Petersburg!" --Mr. Chekov to Mr. Scott