[AntiGuv]

Yes, and my post above outlined the sequence of events that would need fall into place in order for Neanderthal genes to persist into modern human populations. That is, after all, the question at hand. While it may be intriguing to speculate on whether Cro-Magnon and Neanderthal had sex that did not result in progeny, that question is of no more practical significance than the question of whether humans and cats had sex 35,000 years ago. Whether with cats or Neanderthals, if perpetuating lineages aren't involved then you can irrefutably imagine whatever kinkiness makes you happy..

[Sentis]

Your sequence of events are wrong. If Humans and Neanderthals could produce viable offspring that were not mules then they did and some genetic material of Neanderthal is present in Human society today. It is that simple. It will take long term genetic study to prove one way or the other and no study to date is sufficient or even close to sufficient to determine this.

If they could not produce viable genetic offspring then there is none. This does not mean that Neanderthals and Humans had the occasional roll in the hay or even that there were long ternm stable relationships between the species.