“Am still wondering why so many Jews are progressives? Was it so in Germany in the 1930s?”
Well, Hitler certainly convinced a lot of people that Weimar Germany was run by the Jews, but that’s not really a reliable source. There has historically, though, been a significant Jewish element to Communist groups. Two of the four Communist parties that participated in the 1917 Russian Revolution, for example, were exclusively Jewish. Now, since Communists are atheists, I’m talking about people of Jewish background, not those practicing the religion.
The other angle that Hitler played on was that Jews were “internationalists”, showing no loyalty to any nation, they roamed the Earth, whereas the Nazis preached extreme nationalism, so the Jews didn’t fit into their vision, so for the Nazis to create their perfect world, the Jews simply could not be a part of that, so they had to be demonized in any way possible.