You are correct. No agreement to bind a future congress to cutting is enforceable. But any tax increase continues until a future congress passes a bill through both houses, and the President signs. Similarly, debt incurred today will need to be paid in the future.
A Constitutional Amendment sure is binding.
More binding than one congress “promising” to cut future spending, but if a Constitutional Amendment to Balance the Budget is what you are referring to, that says nothing about lowering Federal spending. Anyway, contitutional amendments aren’t all that binding on the future either. 18th amendment only lasted 14 years before it was reversed.
If most of them ignore the Constitution now, why would they follow another amendment to it later?