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What you are both getting at is the principle of comoving distance. The universe DID expand at faster that the speed of light for the first exponentially small fraction of the first second. After that, every single point in the universe continued to move away from every single other point in the universe. Relativity's light speed limit does not apply, because in relativity velocity assumes one fixed coordinate. That's the woefully incomplete short answer. The layman's answer is that physics assumes that the force of gravity should have started to slow the expansion at some point after the big bang. Instead, the expansion is speeding up. To explain this, they have created a mysterious force called "dark energy," and the equally mysterious "dark matter." They have not been able to prove the existence of either, but its one of the reasons they built the large hadron collider.

The Guth concept of inflation (IIRC) posits space as a volume and only one variable expression of T. Why do Physicists not go back and think through how dimension Space and dimension Time 'evolved into the volume of Space we believe we perceive and the plane of Time we believe we perceive?

Imagine, if you will, a sort of Lotus flower, with a stem (linear Space), and axle where stem expands to form a bud (the planar manifestation or expression of all the linear expressions settling into a common rate of expansion), and a bloom or flower opening up (the volumetric variable expression of Space). In our frame of reference of 'now', we perceive dimension Space as a volume that is expanding. At the leading edge of this 'expansion' is planar space being pushed by linear Saptial expansion. Now do the same with dimension Time, since Time and Space seem inextricably interwoven. Our frame of reference for dimension Time is a planar present receiving liner past event effects. we extrapolate future temproal/spatial reality from a frame of reference we define as 'the present', the planar spatio-temporal location, like the 'leading surface' of the expanding universe. The connections are continuous between when the linear variables began expression and where they are now in unison (or not) forming the expanding 'planar edge of spatio-temporal reality.

The Guth concept of inflation (IIRC) posits space as a volume and only one variable expression of T. Why do Physicists not go back and think through how dimension Space and dimension Time 'evolved into the volume of Space we believe we perceive and the plane of Time we believe we perceive?

Imagine, if you will, a sort of Lotus flower, with a stem (linear Space), and axle where stem expands to form a bud (the planar manifestation or expression of all the linear expressions settling into a common rate of expansion), and a bloom or flower opening up (the volumetric variable expression of Space). In our frame of reference of 'now', we perceive dimension Space as a volume that is expanding. At the leading edge of this 'expansion' is planar space being pushed by linear Saptial expansion. Now do the same with dimension Time, since Time and Space seem inextricably interwoven. Our frame of reference for dimension Time is a planar present receiving liner past event effects. we extrapolate future temproal/spatial reality from a frame of reference we define as 'the present', the planar spatio-temporal location, like the 'leading surface' of the expanding universe. The connections are continuous between when the linear variables began expression and where they are now in unison (or not) forming the expanding 'planar edge' of spatio-temporal reality.

but its one of the reasons they built the large hadron collider.

One of the 'other' reasons was so they could create 'black holes' that would swallow up all the COOL JOCK type guys, leaving all the cute chicks for the nerds.

What you are both getting at is the principle of comoving distance.

After that, every single point in the universe continued to move away from every single other point in the universe.