I’d imagine the cartels take a fair bit for smuggling thru third parties. But wealth in certain parts of the M.E. including key Islamic figures is icredulous. A minor example, the full suite of diamonds & sapphires that were given to princess diana by a Saudi prince over 2 decades ago. Might sound a ridiculous example but it’s an inkling & for just 1 Saudi prince. By the way, paper money or assets aren’t as important as lets say gold.
Incredulous