While nuclear weapons and bacterial agents came later, deadly chemicals, explosives, and toxins were contemporary to the Founders, and being rather learned men of their time I think it reasonable to assume they were familiar with them. But there is no enumerated power authorizing the federal government to assume control of them. They did however include a process for amendment in the Constitution.
They also included a process for defending the nation against unanticipated and unnamed threats. It's called the "Defense" clause.