Posted on 11/14/2002 6:07:25 AM PST by SJackson
Advocacy research refers to studies and reports produced by people with a vested interest in reaching a foregone conclusion. PC feminism is notorious for its advocacy research and for the shoddy methodology that so often accompanies political bias. Theory is paraded as fact, anecdotal accounts as hard data. Those who raise contradicting evidence are slandered in ad hominem attacks.
Such "research" could be dismissed as worthless and irrelevant if it did not form the basis of so much public policy. Feminist smears could be written off as bad manners if it did not damage people's lives. As it stands, PC feminism and the urban legends it creates hurt innocent people. And that can never be ignored.
In 1994, Christina Hoff Sommers exposed the urban legends feminism has perpetrated on the North American public in her book Who Stole Feminism? How Women Have Betrayed Women. Examples of feminist urban legends include:
*150,000 American women die of anorexia nervosa each year. Sommers went to the figure's source and found that 150,000 people have anorexia, with yearly deaths ranging around 100.
*domestic violence soars by 40% on Super Bowl Sunday . When the source was tracked down, the "researcher" refused to verify the data, claiming that the study was not "for public consumption."
*a March of Dimes study found that battery during pregnancy was the leading cause of birth defects. But the March of Dimes did no such study and was misquoted.
Such urban legends are used as scare tactics to support demands for laws and increased funding to benefit women.
Meanwhile, anyone who challenges the PC findings of flawed or non-existent "studies" is likely to slandered or worse. Three pioneering researchers on domestic violence -- Murray Straus, Richard Gelles, and Suzanne Steinmetz -- encountered this PC gambit for silencing dissent. They conducted a now classic study (1980), "Behind closed doors: Violence in American Families," that indicated men and women initiate domestic violence at about the same rate, although men receive fewer injuries.
As a result of this study and continuing research, Straus' career was injured by bitter personal attacks that included a false rumor that he was a wife-beater. As Gelles commented, almost every male researcher or writer who counters feminist urban legends is branded as batterer. Female researchers fare no better. Steinmetz's family -- including her children -- were threatened with physical violence and a conference at which she was to speak received a bomb threat.
To this day, most of the people I know who speak out with any effectiveness against PC feminism are slandered and targeted for intimidation. Certainly, I receive my share of strange libels and threats. Yet is essential that thug-like strategies not be allowed to silence valid research and dissenting opinion.
It is important for people to regain confidence in the objective research that is fundamental to establishing facts. Scare tactics have been so overused by PC advocates that a "Peter and the Wolf Syndrome" [sic] is starting to set in. Inaccurate and shoddy "research" has been used to sound alarm bells so often that a cynical public is starting to ignore valid data. Who can blame them for this reaction?
But honest research is possible. And the media must cease being complicit in ringing false alarms and spreading inaccuracies. Even cursory attention to common sense guidelines would allow journalists and reporters to filter out the worst of the legends that pose as fact instead of passing them on to listeners as "news."
What are some of these common sense guidelines? The media should ignore, or severely question, any report:
*with highly emotive language;
*with specific policy recommendations or funding demands;
*with a "snapshot" approach rather than data over time;
*with internal and unexplained anomalies or contradictions;
*without corroborating empirical evidence;
*without a statement of parameters, e.g. margin for error;
*without disclosure of researchers' relevant affiliations;
*which has an unrepresentative or small sampling;
*which does not attempt to verify the accounts;
*which stresses anecdotal accounts
*which does not independently verify accounts from subjects
Moreover, the media should stop treating ad hominem and slander as though they were counter-arguments. When men who question feminist data are bashed as batterers, reporters should demand the hard evidence of this criminal charge. When women who speak out are threatened and slandered, journalists should expose the feminist preference to destroy lives instead of dealing with arguments.
If the media took that first step, perhaps then the public would regain confidence in another essential aspect of public debate. The idea of an honest disagreement is possible between people who respect each other instead of the mud-slinging matches that pass for dialogue on "hardball" talk shows.
I learned that respectful disagreement was possible from Queen Silver, a woman who was my best friend and inspiration up until her death a few years ago. We disagreed on almost everything political. From Queen, I discovered that someone who diametrically opposes me on important issues could have a good heart and care every bit as much as I do about justice.
A generation has been raised to believe that shouting is debate, defamation of character is argument, and valid research does not exist. This PC legacy must not be allowed to stand.
* any statement made during that time of the month... (ducking for cover)
FYI I enjoy your work.
Holy Bellesiles, Batman!
Knowing Straus's work, I can't believe they would accuse him of such a thing...he is totally into non-violence...
With his latest work, Beating The Devil Out of Them: Corporal Punishment in American Families, Straus makes a passionate plea for the end of spanking and extrapolates from a slender - but growing - body of research to support his contention that corporal punishment is damaging to children and is an ineffective method of disciplining them."The research reported in this book supports the idea that ending corporal punishment is one of the most important steps to achieving a less violent world," he asserts. "I am not saying that the evidence is definitive. I believe future research will confirm the conclusion that the violence we so abhor and fear has part of its origins in the actions of loving parents who, by spanking children, unintentionally teach violence along with responsibility, honesty, cleanliness and Godliness."
He reminds us that beating wives, children and employees was once acceptable. Although battering children is no longer tolerated, Straus looks forward to the day when spanking - what he terms "the virtuous violence" - will also be taboo.
Knowing Straus's work, I can't believe they would accuse him of such a thing...he is totally into non-violence...
With his latest work, Beating The Devil Out of Them: Corporal Punishment in American Families, Straus makes a passionate plea for the end of spanking and extrapolates from a slender - but growing - body of research to support his contention that corporal punishment is damaging to children and is an ineffective method of disciplining them."The research reported in this book supports the idea that ending corporal punishment is one of the most important steps to achieving a less violent world," he asserts. "I am not saying that the evidence is definitive. I believe future research will confirm the conclusion that the violence we so abhor and fear has part of its origins in the actions of loving parents who, by spanking children, unintentionally teach violence along with responsibility, honesty, cleanliness and Godliness."
He reminds us that beating wives, children and employees was once acceptable. Although battering children is no longer tolerated, Straus looks forward to the day when spanking - what he terms "the virtuous violence" - will also be taboo.
The basic idea of the Feminist, that women are an interest group apart from their men and their families, shows a sort of almost mind-boggling "tunnel vision." To every rational person, capable of analytically looking at the human experience, it is obvious that the sexes complement--i.e. complete--each other. That that is nature's purpose is equally obvious. (See The Feminist Absurdity.)
The Feminists are off on an hysterical tangent, venting their frustrations in a completely irrational manner that in a more reflective age would never receive a tenth of the attention they now do, nor one one thousandth of as much respect.
William Flax Return of The Gods Website>
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.