Free Republic
Browse · Search
News/Activism
Topics · Post Article

To: Non-Sequitur
Either that was a deliberate falsehood on Tommy's part or he never read the 1863 Geneva Convention, probably the later since there was no 1863 Geneva Convention

Actually there was

----------

Resolutions of the Geneva International Conference, Geneva, 26-29 October 1863.

The International Conference, desirous of coming to the aid of the wounded should the Military Medical Services prove inadequate, adopts the following Resolutions:

Article 1. Each country shall have a Committee whose duty it shall be, in time of war and if the need arises, to assist the Army Medical Services by every means in its power.

The Committee shall organize itself in the manner which seems to it most useful and appropriate.

Art. 2. An unlimited number of Sections may be formed to assist the Committee, which shall be the central directing body.

Art. 3. Each Committee shall get in touch with the Government of its country, so that its services may be accepted should the occasion arise.

Art. 4. In peacetime, the Committees and Sections shall take steps to ensure their real usefulness in time of war, especially by preparing material relief of all sorts and by seeking to train and instruct voluntary medical personnel.

Art. 5. In time of war, the Committees of belligerent nations shall supply relief to their respective armies as far as their means permit: in particular, they shall organize voluntary personnel and place them on an active footing and, in agreement with the military authorities, shall have premises made available for the care of the wounded.

They may call for assistance upon the Committees of neutral countries.

Art. 6. On the request or with the consent of the military authorities, Committees may send voluntary medical personnel to the battlefield where they shall be placed under military command.

Art. 7. Voluntary medical personnel attached to armies shall be supplied by the respective Committees with everything necessary for their upkeep.

Art. 8. They shall wear in all countries, as a uniform distinctive sign, a white armlet with a red cross.

Art. 9. The Committees and Sections of different countries may meet in international assemblies to communicate the results of their experience and to agree on measures to be taken in the interests of the work.

Art. 10. The exchange of communications between the Committees of the various countries shall be made for the time being through the intermediary of the Geneva Committee.

Independently of the above Resolutions, the Conference makes the following Recommendations:

(a) that Governments should extend their patronage to Relief Committees which may be formed, and facilitate as far as possible the accomplishment of their task.

(b) that in time of war the belligerent nations should proclaim the neutrality of ambulances and military hospitals, and that neutrality should likewise be recognized, fully and absolutely, in respect of official medical personnel, voluntary medical personnel, inhabitants of the country who go to the relief of the wounded, and the wounded themselves;

(c) that a uniform distinctive sign be recognized for the Medical Corps of all armies, or at least for all persons of the same army belonging to this Service; and, that a uniform flag also be adopted in all countries for ambulances and hospitals.

-------------

CONVENTION FOR THE AMELIORATION OF THE CONDITION OF THE WOUNDED IN ARMIES IN THE FIELD

ARTICLE 1--Ambulances and military hospitals shall be acknowledged to be neuter, and, as such, shall be protected and respected by belligerents so long as any sick or wounded may be therein. Such neutrality shall cease if the ambulances or hospitals should be held by a military force.

ARTICLE 2--Persons employed in hospitals and ambulances, comprising the staff for superintendence, medical service, administration, transport of wounded, as well as chaplains, shall participate in the benefit of neutrality, whilst so employed, and so long as there remain any wounded to bring in or to succor.

ARTICLE 3--The persons designated in the preceding article may, even after occupation by the enemy, continue to fulfil their duties in the hospital or ambulance which they serve, or may withdraw in order to rejoin the corps to which they belong. Under such circumstances, when these persons shall cease from their functions, they shall be delivered by the occupying army to the outposts of the enemy.

ARTICLE 4--As the equipment of military hospitals remains subject to the laws of war, persons attached to such hospitals cannot, in withdrawing, carry away any articles but such as are their private property. Under the same circumstances an ambulance shall, on the contrary, retain its equipment.

ARTICLE 5--Inhabitants of the country who may bring help to the wounded shall be respected, and shall remain free. The generals of the belligerent Powers shall make it their care to inform the inhabitants of the appeal addressed to their humanity, and of the neutrality which will be the consequence of it. Any wounded man entertained and taken care of in a house shall be considered as a protection thereto. Any inhabitant who shall have entertained wounded men in his house shall be exempted from the quartering of troops, as well as from a part of the contributions of war which may be imposed.

ARTICLE 6--Wounded or sick soldiers shall be entertained and taken care of, to whatever nation they may belong. Commanders-in-chief shall have the power to deliver immediately to the outposts of the enemy soldiers who have been wounded in an engagement, when circumstances permit this to be done, and with the consent of both parties. Those who are recognized, after their wounds are healed, as incapable of serving, shall be sent back to their country. The others may also be sent back, on condition of not again bearing arms during the continuance of the war. Evacuations, together with the persons under whose directions they take place, shall be protected by an absolute neutrality.

ARTICLE 7--A distinctive and uniform flag shall be adopted for hospitals, ambulances and evacuations. It must, on every occasion, be accompanied by the national flag. An arm-badge (brassard) shall also be allowed for individuals neutralized, but the delivery thereof shall be left to military authority. The flag and the arm-badge shall bear a red cross on a white ground.

ARTICLE 8--The details of execution of the present convention shall be regulated by the commanders-in-chief of belligerent armies, according to the instructions of their respective governments, and in conformity with the general principles laid down in this convention.

ARTICLE 9--The high contracting Powers have agreed to communicate the present convention to those Governments which have not found it convenient to send plenipotentiaries to the International Conference at Geneva, with an invitation to accede thereto; the protocol is for that purpose left open.

ARTICLE 10--The present convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Berne, in four months, or sooner, if possible. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed it and have affixed their seals thereto.

Done at Geneva, the twenty-second day of the month of August of the year one thousand eight hundred and Sixty-four.

------------

If you'll notice the intent of the '64 convention was laid out in the '63 conference. So no, DiLorenzo did not make a mistake. I imagine by '64 Grant was either too drunk or too ignorant to understand so they had to spell it out for him again a little clearer. Unfortunately as the burned buildings and numerous deaths to civilians attested, no union general cared for the rule of law

461 posted on 02/24/2003 4:29:57 PM PST by billbears (Deo Vindice)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 447 | View Replies ]


To: billbears
Essentially, the convention concluded that it should be considered to be a war crime, punishable by imprisonment or death, for armies to attack defenseless citizens and towns; plunder civilian property; or take from the civilian population more than what was necessary to feed and sustain an occupying army.

I see a convention for the treatment of wounded on the battlefield, billbears. So where are the parts outlining the imprisonment or death part, billbears? Where is the part about plunder or taking from civilian populations or attaching defenseless citizens. So if your claim is still that DiLusional actually ready the Geneva Convention of 1864 then the only other explanation was that he was willfully and deliberately lying about what they contained. Not an unreasonable conclusion given Tommy's track record. I suppose it would be useless to point out that the United States was not a signatory in 1863. The confederacy, of course, was not a signatory because they were not a soverign state.

463 posted on 02/24/2003 4:37:18 PM PST by Non-Sequitur
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 461 | View Replies ]

To: billbears
If you'll notice the intent of the '64 convention was laid out in the '63 conference. So no, DiLorenzo did not make a mistake. I imagine by '64 Grant was either too drunk or too ignorant to understand so they had to spell it out for him again a little clearer.

ROTFL!

475 posted on 02/24/2003 9:47:51 PM PST by 4CJ ('No legislative act, therefore, contrary to the Constitution, can be valid.' - Alexander Hamilton)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 461 | View Replies ]

To: billbears
Unfortunately as the burned buildings and numerous deaths to civilians attested, no union general cared for the rule of law

As I noted in a previous post - in which I failed to ping you, my bad! - Union officers and military still were legally bound the the 1806 Articles of War, and later to the Lieber Code. Both of them prohibited such atrocities.

488 posted on 02/25/2003 6:54:42 AM PST by 4CJ ('No legislative act, therefore, contrary to the Constitution, can be valid.' - Alexander Hamilton)
[ Post Reply | Private Reply | To 461 | View Replies ]

Free Republic
Browse · Search
News/Activism
Topics · Post Article


FreeRepublic, LLC, PO BOX 9771, FRESNO, CA 93794
FreeRepublic.com is powered by software copyright 2000-2008 John Robinson