[nonsporting]

Short/long hair is a relative term, you have to take into account the cultural norm. In the Jewish culture of that day, long hair for men usually mean longer than shoulder-length.

Can you provide an authoritative source for "shoulder-length" being the dividing line?

[Boogieman]

“Can you provide an authoritative source for “shoulder-length” being the dividing line?”

No, sorry, I don’t think any cosmetology school textbooks have been found from 30 AD, it’s just my recollection from things I’ve read. I could give you links to websites, but those aren’t really authoritative, so what’s the point?