An Investigation into Inbred Science.

"Those who have accepted evolution in the belief that it was not anti-Christian may well revise their conclusions... "

- William Jennings Bryan.

Darwin Medal	"A silver medal... given... in reward for work of acknowledged distinction in the broad area of biology in which Charles Darwin worked" - The Royal Society.
Leonard Darwin	Eugenics Society, president 1911-1928, honorary president 1928-1943, life fellow, 1937. Cambridge Eugenics Society. On general committee (president), First International Eugenics Congress 1912. Eugenics Education Society. President of the Royal Geographic Society. Charles Darwin's son. 1922 letter from Davenport to Leonard Darwin about Alfred Ploetz and German cooperation. 1923 letter from the German Society of Race Hygene to Leonard Darwin. "As an agency making for progress, conscious selection must replace the blind forces of natural selection; and men must utilize all the knowledge acquired by studying the process of evolution in the past in order to promote moral and physical progress in the future. The nation which first takes this great work thoroughly in hand will surely not only win in all matters of international competition, but will be given a place of honour in the history of the world." - Leonard Darwin, Presidential address, First International Eugenics Congress, 1912.
Ladies Darwin	There were at least two "Lady" Darwins who were members of the Eugenics Society. Florence Henrietta Darwin, third wife of Leonard Darwin, cousin of the writer Virgina Woolfe (a eugenist). Another was Maud de Puy (Eugenics Society fellow 1925, life fellow 1937. Central Committee for Mental Welfare) wife of George Howard Darwin.
Francis Darwin	Darwin Medalist 1912. Cambridge Eugenics Society member.
Horace Darwin	Cambridge Eugenics Society
George Howard Darwin	Cambridge Eugenics Society. Charles Darwin's son.
Charles Galton Darwin	Eugenics Society life fellow, vice-president 1939, director 1939, president 1953-1959, committee 1960. Chairman of Promising Families. Grandson of Charles Darwin, son of George Howard Darwin. Wrote for the racist journal Mankind Quarterly, which was edited by Von Verschuer (Josef Mengele's mentor).
Francis Galton	Darwin Medalist 1902. Charles Darwin's cousin. Coined the word eugenics in the early 1880s. Founded the Eugenics Society (the British one).
Thomas Henry Huxley	Darwin Medalist 1894. Tireless anti-religious polemicist, Darwin's "Bulldog". Huxley expended massive effort attacking God, Christianity, the Catholic Church, and even the Salvation Army. "In addition to the truth of the doctrine of evolution, indeed, one of its greatest merits in my eyes, is the fact that it occupies a position of complete and irreconcilable antagonism to that vigorous and consistent enemy of the highest intellectual, moral, and social life of mankind--the Catholic Church" - T.H Huxley, Darwiniana.
Julian Huxley	Darwin Medalist 1956. Grandson of Thomas Henry Huxley. Eugenics Society member, fellow, council member, vice-president, president. Euthanasia Society executive committee. Abortion Law Reform Society vice-president. Co-founder of UNESCO. First director general of UNESCO, 1946-1948. Author of Evolution: The Modern Synthesis (1942). Collaborated with J.S. Haldane and H.G. Wells on the popular 1920s evolution propaganda ("The Incontrovertible Fact of Evolution") series Science of Life. Popularized the French works of Teilhard de Chardin (Piltdown Man, Peking Man.). Huxley was a long-time friend of Nobel laureate Konrad Lorenz, who worked on Nazi Racial hygene. Humanism, transhumanism. Socialism.
Karl Pearson	Darwin Medalist 1898. First Galton Professor of Eugenics 1911-1933. Head of Galton's Eugenics Record Office 1906. Head of the Biometric laboratory. Marxist. Anti-Mendelian. Annals of Eugenics. Co-founded the journal Biometrika, with Weldon and Charles Davenport as editors. In 1911, after spending some time in Germany and discovering his roots, Carl Pearson changed his name to "Karl" Pearson.
R. A. Fisher	Darwin Medalist 1948. Founder of the Cambridge Eugenics Society, secretary 1911-1912. Chair of Eugenics 1933. Eugenics Education Society member. Fisher's principal interest was eugenics. His text Genetical Theory of Natural Selection (1930) is said by darwinians to have been an pillar of the modern synthesis and an all-round fine work of science. We shall see about that. [The book is available for download in the Eugenics section. Commentary coming soon]. "Fisher... could be regarded as Darwin’s greatest twentieth-century successor." - Richard Dawkins. One would be hard put to say what Fisher's contributions to biology were, if any. Aside from his contributions to statistics, Fisher is remembered for a few other things. (1) The herculean effort he expended trying to prove that Mendel was a fraud, and (2) his silly "probability magnifier" idea. That is, natural selection magnifies little probabilities into big ones. This idea lived on, and may have inspired Douglas Adams's "improbability generator".
Sewall Wright	Darwin Medalist 1980. American Eugenics Society member, advisory council. Eugenics Research Association member. American Society for Human Genetics member. Modern synthesis. Studied under Charles Davenport at Cold Spring Harbor. Also studied under another eugenist, W.E. Castle. Motoo Kimura (another Darwin Medalist) was one of Crow's/Wright's students.
J. B. S. Haldane	Darwin Medalist 1952. Eugenics Society member. Haldane was instrumental in formulating the modern synthesis of darwinism. Darwinians have a marked habit of heaping superlative praise on themselves, and certainly Haldane recieved a lot of that. However, with the advent of scanned books and electronic archives of musty old tomes, we can now read Haldane for ourselves and discover what a crackpot he was. Not only was he a Marxist, he was a True Believer, owned by Stalin. Haldane defended Trofim Lysenko in print, on the radio, and in public speeches. Haldane's view on euthanasia is interesting. He did not really like the idea of widespread murder of invalids and deformed children, or gassing old people. Not from any humanitarian or moral reason (he was after all a Marxist) but because it could be readily abused - it is all too easy for the wrong people to end up gassed. Instead, he believed that people who are unproductive and useless to the State should simply kill themselves. Haldane was an enthusiastic supporter of poison gas and chemical warfare. The World Transhumanist Association (a eugenics organization) offers a Haldane Award "to the student paper that best advances transhumanist thought, analysis or applications."
Walter Weldon	Eugenics Society. Anti-Mendelian.
Grafton Elliot Smith	Eugenics Society. Piltdown Man. Nebraska Man.
Arthur Keith	Eugenics Society, council 1927, 1937. British Association for the Advancement of Science. Piltdown Man.
Lord Dawson	Bertrand Edward Dawson. Eugenics Society, consultative council 1937. Physician to the Royal Family. In 1936 Dawson committed regicide by injecting King George V with a lethal dose of morphine and cocaine.
John R. Baker	Cytologist, Oxford zoology department. Eugenics Society, fellow, 1931, 1937, 1957. Developed the Volpar contraceptive, tested on black women in the USA. Contributed to Julian Huxely's Evolution: The Modern Synthesis (1944). Wrote Science and the Planned State (1946). Race: Foundation for Human Understanding (Oxford 1974). Julian Huxley, Scientist and World Citizen (1978). Baker wrote the biology section of An Outline for Boys and Girls (1932), some of which you can read here.
Henry Fairfield Osborn	Darwin Medalist 1918. American Eugenics Society, [co-founder]. Curator and president of the American Museum of Natural History (1890s-1930). Studied under T.H. Huxley. Co-organizer of the 2nd Internation Eugenics Congress. [Galton Society member ?] . Nebraska Man. Horse Evolution. Examined Piltdown Man in 1921 and pronounced it genuine. McGregor frauds. [Seems that HF Osborn was involved in a lot of frauds.] AAAS president [pre-war]. [2nd International Congress of Eugenics, executive committee].
Frederick Osborn	Galton Society member, 1928, secretary 1931. Research associate, 1928, American Museum of Natural History. Co-founder of American Eugenics Society, president 1946-1952. Founding trustee of the Pioneer Fund, 1937. Princeton Curriculum Committee. Princeton Psychology Department Council. Member of the American Society of Human Genetics. Henry Fairfield Osborn's cousin. With John D. Rockefeller III, Frederick Osborn co-founded the Population Council in 1953. Osborn was an outright racist who advocated that eugenists must conceal their true goals to evade the growing popular anti-eugenical sentiment. "Eugenic goals are most likely to be attained under a name other than eugenics". "Heredity clinics are the first eugenic proposals that have been adopted in a practical form and accepted by the public... The word eugenics is not associated with them." "The most important eugenic policy at this time is to see that birth control is made equally available to all individuals in every class of society." - Frederick Osborn, Future of Human Heredity, 1968.
Horatio Newman	American Eugenics Society member. Zoology professor at the University of Chicago. Scopes trial witness. Author of Readings in Evolution, Genetics, and Eugenics, and Twins: A Study on Heredity and Environment (1937). [What is this creepy obsession eugenists have with twins?] Newman taught eugenics in his "evolutionary biology" class for more than 17 years and his darwinian scientific peers didn't raise an eyebrow about it.
Vernon Kellogg	American Eugenics Society. It's always amusing to see a Darwinian eugenist lambasting his critic as a science-denier... "Must all this overwhelming testimony that man is an evolutionary product be rehearsed again because Mr. Bryan says that it doesn't exist; or that, if it exists, it need not be taken into account by the truly informed, who have in the book of Genesis a complete manual of world and human origin?" - V. Kellog, The Modern View of Evolution, April, 1924.
Charles Davenport	Eugenics Society, vice-president 1931. American Eugenics Society. First International Eugenics Congress 1912, Eugenics Records Office. Station for Experimental Evolution. International Federation of Eugenical Organizations president. Eugenical Research Association president. Co-founder and chairman of the overtly racist Galton Society. Tuskeegee experiments.
Harry H. Laughlin	Pro-Nazi. American Eugenics Society co-founder, president 1927-29. Eugenics Research Association. Eugenic Record Office. 2nd International Congress of Eugenics, executive committee [*]. Pioneer Fund. 1914 Letter from vice-consul G[eza?] von Hoffmann to Laughlin: "The far reaching proposal of sterilizing one tenth of the population impressed me very much." Harry Laughlin wrote a scientific analysis of Carrie Buck, concluding that Buck and her mother "belong to the shiftless, ignorant and worthless class of anti-social whites of the South... the evidence points strongly toward the feeblemindedness and moral delinquency of Carrie Buck being due, primarily to inheritance" (Chase, The Legacy of Malthus). You know the rest of the Carrie Buck story.
Edwin Grant Conklin	Professor of biology, Princeton. American Eugenics Society member [1925, 1928-31, officer, director?, AES advisory council 1923-1926]. President, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 1936. Co-founder of the Galton Society. Author of Heredity and Environment in Development of Man (1925), Man, Real and Ideal (1943), and The Direction of Human Evolution (1921). The latter book is available for download in the Resources section.
Samuel J. Holmes	American Eugenics Society, president 1938-1940. Professor of zoology at the University of California.
Paul Popenoe	Pro-Nazi. American Eugenics Society member, director. Human Betterment Foundation. The German Sterilization Law (J Heredity, 1934): "Hitler... bases his hopes of a national regeneration solidly on the application of biological principles to human society."
Edward B. Poulton	Darwin Medalist 1914. Eugenics Society, member, council, vice-president, fellow 1937. First International Eugenics Congress 1912, general committee. Eugenics Education Society.
Albert Charles Seward	Darwin Medalist 1934. Eugenics Society member, vice-president. Cambridge Eugenics Society member, president.
Cyril D. Darlington	Eugenics Society, fellow 1952, 1957, 1977, vice-president, 1960. Rationalist Press Association. [Elaborate RPA and the books they published.] The Evolution of Genetic Systems (1939). The Origins of Darwinism (Scientific American, 1959). Darwin's Place in History (1959). The Evolution of Man and Society (1969). "... people have different contributions to make to society as individuals and breeders. As individuals the unskilled workers... are not much use to us ... the old settled aristocracies and old unsettled gypsies of Europe were two more such useless groups. At the top and at the bottom of society waste materials accumulate." - C.D. Darlington, Race, Class, and Culture, 1970.
Margaret Sanger	Eugenics Society, life fellow. American Eugenics Society. Founder of Planned Parenthood. Girlfriend of Havelock Ellis (eugenist) and H. G. Wells (eugenist). "Before eugenicists and others who are laboring for racial betterment can succeed, they must first clear the way for birth control. Like the advocates for birth control, the eugenicists, for instance, are seeking to assist the race toward the elimination of the unfit." Sanger, Birth Control and Racial Betterment, 1919
Peter Medawar	Nobel laureate. Eugenics Society member, fellow 1959, fellow 1977. Family Planning Association Ltd, director 1966-1972. Population Concern Campaign Committee 1986-1987. Endorsed John R. Baker's Race (Oxford Press, 1974).
Franz Kallmann	Eugenics Society Fellow 1955, 1957. Founder of American Society of Human Genetics. Founded American Journal of Human Genetics in [1948]. AAAS member. Eugenic psychiatry. Collaborated with Ernst Rudin. [Played a role in the Holocaust.] Twin studies. Hereditary schizophrenia. [Work used for Aktion T4.]
Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer	Director, Third Reich Institute for Heredity, Biology, and Racial Purity. Colleague and supporter of Josef Mengele. American Eugenics Society member. American Society for Human Genetics member. War criminal, escaped prosecution. Twin experiments (implicated in many deaths of twins). Director, Human Heredity division, Kaiser Wilhelm Institute. Director of the Munster Institute of Human Genetics (succeeded by W. Lenz, son of F. Lenz, who influenced Hitler.) Author of Racial Biology of the Jews. (See below to download.) Eugenical News endorsed von Verschuer: "Dr. von Verschuer has successfully bridged the gap between medical practice and theoretic scientific research." (1936). Eugenists in Britain and America knew about Verschuer's background but did not expose him.
Herman J. Muller	Nobel laureate. Nazi eugenist, reinvented himself as a Marxist eugenist. American Eugenics Society member. [Worked with Alfred Kinsey.] Studied under Ernst Rudin. H. Bentley Glass (American Eugenics Society, AAAS) was Muller's grad student.
Ernst Mayr	Darwin Medalist 1984. [American Eugenics Society member, director 1985, 1986.] Founder of the Society for the Study of Evolution.
Ernst Rudin	Evolutionary psychologist. Succeeded Charles Davenport as president of the International Federation of Eugenics Organizations. Principal architect of Nazi race hygiene policies. Brother-in-law of Alfred Ploetz.
Alfred Ploetz	Nazi. Ernst Rudin's colleague. Munich Eugenic Society. Founded the German Society of Racial Hygene in 1905. Race hygiene was the continental term for eugenics. President, International Society for Race Hygiene (1916). [Galton met Ploetz in London in 1910.]
Eugen Fischer	Director: Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics (Berlin, 1927, financed by Rockefeller.) Hitler read Fischer's book Principles of Human Heredity and Race Hygiene. See below to download Fischer's Origin of the Hebrews.
Ernst Haeckel	Darwin Medalist 1900. Possibly the most ideologically influential Darwinian in history. Eugenist. Monism. Monistenbund (1906), Monist Church [physicist Ernst Mach joined Haeckel's monist church.] Known to be a scientific fraud prior to 1890 [more coming soon]. "The mental life of savages rises little above that of the higher animals, especially the apes, with which they are geneologically connected... Their intelligence moves within the narrowest bounds, and one can no more (or less) speak of their reason than of that of the more intelligent animals…These lower races (such as the Veddahs or Australian negroes) are... nearer to mammals (apes or dogs) than to civilized Europeans; we must, therefore, assign a totally different value to their lives." - Haeckel, 1906
Theodosius Dobzhansky	The fruit-fly guy. American Eugenics Society director 1964-1973. Chairman of the board of directors 1969-1975. Marxist.
Richard C. Lewontin	This man occupies a distinguished place in the annals of the absurd. [coming soon]. American Eugenics Society director. AAAS vice-president. Marxist.
Eugenics Society	This is the British eugenic society, the daddy of all the others. Various name changes. Now known as the Galton Institute. Alive and well. Eugenics Education Society (1907) became Eugenics Society Inc. (1926).
American Eugenics Society	28 state committees. Many name changes and aliases: International Commission on Eugenics Ad Interim Committee of the United States of America (c1921), Eugenics Committee of the United States of America (1922-1926), Eugenics Society of the United States of America (1922-1925), American Eugenics Society (1925-1926), American Eugenics Society Inc. (1926-1973), Society for the Study of Social Biology (1973-present.) [Advisory board members Conklin, Campbell, Eugen Fischer, Ernst Rudin, Falk Ruttke - AES journal 1936.]
American Society for Human Genetics (ASHG)	This is a disturbing and powerful organization. They seem to be involved in the development of prenatal tests of little or no medical value. They are also a major player in human genetics research and the human genome project. Exactly what they do in that regard I do not know yet. The ASHG is especially disturbing if you examine its origins and membership. The ASHG was founded by Franz Kallmann. Members included a host of Nazi-connected biologists: von Verschuer, Nachtsheim, Lenz, [L. Alexander - controversial figure], [Curt Stern, Kaiser Wilhelm Institute, later Berkeley] etc. Many members of the ASHG were (and are) members of the American Eugenics Society. Wickliffe Draper and Fredrick Osborn were also members.
Galton Society	Founded in New York, 1918 by Madison Grant, Charles Davenport, E.G. Conklin, J.C. Merriam. "The most overtly racist of the American eugenics organisations". Nordic supremacy. "Indiscriminate efforts to preserve babies among the lower classes often results in serious injury to the race... Mistaken regard for what are believed to be divine laws and sentimental belief in the sanctity of human life tend to prevent both the elimination of defective infants and the sterilization of such adults as are themselves of no value to the community." "[sterilization could] be applied to an ever widening circle of social discards, beginning always with the criminal, the diseased and the insane, and extending gradually to types which may be called weaklings rather than defectives, and perhaps ultimately to worthless race types." Both are quotes from Madison Grant's The Passing of the Great Race. There is also a British Galton Society.
Eugenics Record Office (ERO)	Charles Davenport. Funded by Carnegie.
Race Betterment Foundation	Founded, 1911, Battle Creek Michigan. Financed by Kellogg cereal. Race betterment conferences, 1914, 1915, and 1928. Eugenics registry. Worked with ERO.
American Association for the Study of the Feeble-Minded	Coming soon.
International Federation of Eugenics Organizations (IFEO)	Davenport. Ploetz
Station for Experimental Evolution	to do.
International Eugenics Congresses	1912 London; Leonard Darwin president. Poulton. 1921: H.F. Osborn (president, executive committee), Ida Grobe, Laughlin, George H. Sherwood, executive committee. Davenport, Grant. 1932 Davenport president. The second IEC resolved to create a eugenics society in the USA. The American Eugenics Society was the result.
Geneticists Manifesto	1939, Herman Muller, Haldane, J. Huxley, Darlington, Dobzhansky...
Pioneer Fund	Established in 1937. "Through our grants program, The Pioneer Fund has changed the face of the social and behavioral sciences by restoring the Darwinian-Galtonian perspective to the mainstream in traditional fields such as anthropology, psychology, and sociology..." Twin studies. The Pioneer fund gave financial support to the Institute for the Study of Man, which publishes Mankind Quarterly. Wickliffe Draper (American Eugenics Society member) was a financial supporter of the Pioneer Fund. Draper distinguished himself by promoting the notion that blacks should be sent back to Africa. While somewhat sympathetic to this view, Frederick Osborn thought that birth control would be a more realistic way to get rid of blacks. Osborn was president of the Pioneer fund in the postwar era.

Thoughts and Comments
Amid the riotous din of Darwin debates, many interesting issues, questions, and observations never make it to the surface. Here are some new perspectives on old (and not so old) topics.

What Makes Eugenics Plausible?	[Coming soon.]
The McGregor Fraud.	One of the longest running acts on Apeway. [Coming soon.]
Piltdown Man, Nebraska Man, and Peking Man.	[Coming soon.]
Nature versus Nurture.	[Coming soon.]

Resources
Get them before they disappear down the memory hole.

WinDjView

Tiny program for reading djvus. Indispensible for researching scanned old books. Djvus are better than pdfs because they are small and fast-loading. If you don't want to use a streaming djvu-plugin, and you just want to download djvus from Internet Archive to read later, copy the djvu version url, paste it into your browser, replace 'stream' with 'download', and hit enter.

Against Darwinism

Is Evolution Proved?	This is the legendary Shelton-Dewar debate, which you won't find in bookstores. Darwinians are really good at debating clergymen. Dewar is a zoologist. Laugh as Shelton gets his arse kicked for 350 pages.
Darwinian Fairytales	David Stove, 1994/2006. This would make a very fine textbook for a course in Darwinism. If your faith in Darwinism is a little shaky to begin with, this book will reduce it to rubble and destroy the vestiges. The book used to be available online: alas, no more. But, it has been reprinted and you can get it from Amazon. Worth clicking on the link just to see how customers describe the after-effects of reading it. "Darwinians owe the public an apology. Not only do they owe the public an apology for their vicious slanders against mankind (as Stove describes the theory of selfishness) nor only for their outright lies, their waffling and hand-waving, and their recurrent use of mental gymnastics in their effort to maintain their pet theory, but also for the fact that their very theory (that there is a constant battle of each against all) is a "liscense to crime" (as Stove elegantly puts it) and has been responsible for the worst atrocities of the Twentieth Century."
So You Think You Are a Darwinian?	David Stove. You can walk away from Darwinism after reading this.
Cave Man Hard Man	Darwinism's Dilemma parts 1 and 2 by David Stove. It's hard to take evolutionary cave-man stories about grunting savages seriously after this savage refutation of Darwinian anthropology.
Scientific Sophisms	Samuel Wainwright. A fine, well-written and at times hilariously entertaining dissection of the fairytales, materialistic psychobabble, inane philosopy, and pseudo-scientific rot peddled by famous Darwinians under the guise of science.
Organic Evolution	The Duke of Argyll, 1898. Classic. What happens when you sweep biology clear of the obfuscations of materialistic philosophers? "Evolution" becomes growth, development, purpose, planning, and design. As Mr. Spencer expresses it, "changes in inorganic things have no apparent relations to the future external events which are sure, or likely, to take place. In vital changes, however, such relations are manifest." This is an excellent generalisation. It only needs that the word "relations" be translated from the abstract into the concrete. The kind of relation which is "manifest" is the relation of a previous preparation for intended use. Unfortunately, Mr. Spencer is perpetually escaping or departing from the consequences of his own "manifest relations"... he says "Everywhere structures in great measure determine functions." This is exactly the reverse of the manifest truth -- that the future functions determine the antecendent growth of structure. This escape from his own doctrine on the fundamental distinction between the organic and the inorganic world is an escape entirely governed by his avowed aim to avoid language having teleological implications. But surely it is bad philosophy to avoid using any fitting words because of implications which are manifestly true... pg.118 We deceive ourselves when we think or talk, as the Darwinian school perpetually does, of organs being made or fitted by use. The idea is, strictly speaking, nonsense. They must have been made for use, not by use, because they have always existed in embryo before the use was possible, and, generally, there are many stages of growth before they can be put to use. It is, therefore, a fact -- not a theory -- that during all these stages the lines of development were strictly governed by the end to be attained -- that is to say, by the purpose to be fulfilled. pg.133 I cannot accept, or even respect, the opinion of men who, in describing the facts of Nature, and especially the growing adaptations of organic structures, use perpetually the language of intention as essential to the understanding of them, and then repudiate the implications of that language when they talk what they call science or philosophy. pg.134 The Duke was way ahead of his time.

Against Darwin
Darwinians say he was 'the finest man in England' and 'the Newton of biology'. But with the material in these books, you can build a pretty tight case that Darwin was the Madame Blavatsky of biology.

Luck or Cunning?	Samuel Butler, 1886. [coming soon.]
Darwinianism	James Stirling, 1894. For the moment we are concerned with pg.149-204. [coming soon]
Charles Darwin	Darwin Medalist Edward Poulton, 1896. Inadvertently makes a damning case against Darwin. [coming soon]
Articles of the Darwin Faith	F.O. Morris, 1882. This slim monograph (Pages 7-76) written by an obscure nobody is not what it seems. If you have already read Origin of Species and Descent of Man you may see that this is by no means a parody of Darwin, but rather a nutshell summary - and a perfectly accurate one - of Darwin's thought processes and his scientific method. In fact, this little book captures the Darwinian way of thinking, talking, and writing better than anything since. It is unfortunate that such a gem lay in obscurity for so long. Read this, then try re-reading Origin or Descent. See how long you can hold out before exploding into belly-laughs.

Rubber Science
A tiny sampling from the countless works of pseudoscience and philosophical gibberish published by Darwinians.

The Gospel According to Darwin	This is not a joke. This is serious. Woods Hutchinson was a famous professor of medicine and popular author. He also wrote Evidences of Race Degeneration in the United States (1909) and The Importance of Negative Eugenics. (Am J Public Health, 1913.)
Evolution in Science, Philosophy, and Art.	From the Brooklyn Ethical Association. You think that Darwinism is merely some biology hypothesis? Think again. History teaches otherwise. The second essay, on Ernst Haeckel, is astonishing. Read it.
Evolution and Ethics	1946. Journey deep into the dreary and disturbed mind of Sir Arthur Keith, of Piltdown fame. Preface by E. Hooton, American Eugenics Society member and author of Apes, Men, and Morons (1939).
The Earliest Englishman	1948. This, Sir Arthur Smith Woodward's hilarious 100+ page delusion about British ape-men, is a fine example of darwinian scientific rigor. Fig. 11 features the famous "cricket bat"... "we cannot guess for what purpose it was made or how it was used..."
Men of the Old Stone Age	Henry Fairfield Osborn, 1915. Darwin Medalist, The classic ape-man fairytale book. Piltdown man. Human skull + ape jaw = ape-man. Who can argue with that? Darwin's method of imaginative science. Frauds, fakes, deceptions.
The Story of Creation	E. Clodd, 1904. Don't let the title fool you, this is an evolution book. Like his friend Grant Allen, Edward Clodd was a popularizer of darwinism. Clodd was one of those writers who, by virtue of being a Darwinian, passed himself off as a scientific expert on every subject under the sun - from physics to theology, while at the same time being perfectly incompetent to expound on any of them. As we have many such pop-sci Darwinians today, Clodd could be considered an early pioneer of their art. On page 6 we already have the following idiocy: "Thought and emotion have their antecendents in molecular changes in the matter of the brain, and are completely within the range of causation and as capable of mechanical explanation as material phenomenon" to which Clodd immediately adds the self-contradiction "but of them no material qualities... can be predicated." Chapter IX introduces the usual Malthusian postulates of Darwinism, of which postulates 4 and 5 are obviously false, though Clodd thinks that they are obviously true. Clodd throws in a pitch for eugenics too, on pages 168-169: "When we see how successfull this choice of slight variations has brought about plants and animals best adapted to the service of man, we may desire the time when man shall so realise his duty to the race that the multiplication of the rickety, both physically and morally, will cease, and only men and women of the highest type repoduce their kind." On page 185 we learn that "Darwin describes the Fuegians, who are among the lowest savages, as men 'whose very signs and expressions are less intelligible to us than those of domesticated animals...' Such races are somewhat nearer to the ape than to the European..." While on page 208, Clodd presents a fascinating Darwinian viewpoint on human education: "As every one knows, it takes a soldier a long time to learn his drill--for instance, to put himself into the additude of 'attention' at the instant the word of command is heard; but after a time the sound of the word gives rise to the act, whether the soldier be thinking of it or not... a practical joker, who, seeing a discharged veteran carrying home his dinner, suddenly called out 'Attention!' whereupon the man instantly brought his hands down, and lost his mutton and potatoes in the gutter... The possibility of all education is based upon the existence of this power, which the nervous system possesses, of organising conscious actions into more or less unconscious, or reflex, operations." On page 218 there begins a predictable (you knew it was coming) treatment of the "evolution of morals", where we learn "morals are relative, not absolute; there is no fixed standard of right and wrong..." and furthermore "that which man calls sin is shown to be more often due to his imperfect sense... of proportion... and to his lack of imagination." On page 227 Clodd informs us that "the duty of theology is to readjust itself to what science (ie., Clodd) proves to be true..."
The A B C of Evolution	Joseph McCabe, 1920. Baby's big book of lies and poisoned science. What do Darwinians teach children? Examine this children's book and find out. Did you know that planets evolve by natural selection? That evolution is "the greatest discovery the mind of man ever made"? Did you know that you can witness natural selection at work in any village by observing shopkeepers and the unemployed? Did you know that "every scientific authority in the world now believes that life was naturally evolved from the chemicals of the early earth"? Did you know that "Mendelism" is unacceptable? Did you know that flowers evolved from seaweed? Did you know that it is "absurd to imagine a vital force pushing evolution in this or that direction", even though the author makes hundreds of statements implying that there is one? Did you know that Archeopteryx is a flying reptile and "the link between the reptile and the bird"? Did you know that feathers and scales are the same thing - that feathers are merely scales that are "more feathery"? Did you know that "scientific men" are very modest in their claims? Did you know that "Australian blacks" take us back a long way toward orangutans? Did you know that the "central African natives take us still further" so that if you take "the ugliest and most stupid of these that you can find" and "imagine something far more ugly and stupid, then you have our human ancestor"? Did you know that the difference in brain power between monkeys and humans is highly exaggerated? Your child needs to know all this, or he may grow up with gaps in his scientific knowledge.
The First Days of Man	Kummer, 1920. Indoctrinate your toddler with "The Fish that got Stuck in the Mud", "The Ape that Walked Like a Man", and other tissues of deception calculated to screw up your child's brain. "Not strickly scientific", mind you. "Right thinking is the cornerstone of all mental development. In the writer's opinion it is the great lack in modern education."
The Philosophical Foundations of Darwinism	Ernst Mayr, 2001. "[Darwin] was one of the great philosophers of all time, but his philosophy of biology differs so fundamentally from the philosophies based on logic..." How much historical, grammatical and philosophical butchery can a Darwin Medalist cram into 8 pages? Mayr even manages to pack two biological blunders into one line: "...natural selection, producing abundant variation in every generation and always removing the inferior individuals...". To be read in conjunction with the next entry. Were you duped into believing that Mayr wrote something original?
The Influence of Darwinism and Other Essays	John Dewey, 1910. See John Dewey and the Decline of American Education.

The Zoo of Isms
Darwinians preaching Marxism and Atheism. Atheists preaching Marxism and Darwinism. Marxists preaching Darwinism and Atheism...

The Ethic of Freethought	Darwin Medalist Karl Pearson, 1887. A depressing voyage into atheology, humanism, and Marxism, with occasional outbursts of embarrassing poetry about Goethe and Viennese sausage-grinders. By page 50 you may be reaching for the cyanide bottle.
Science Advances	J.B.S. Haldane. A collection of articles from the early 1940's. Did you know that Lysenkoism was merely a kind of professional dispute between scientists, the sort that goes on in Britian and the USA? That's what Darwin Medalist Haldane says in his defense of Trofym Lysenko beginning on page 220. Haldane wrote this right around or after Vavilov, whom he knew personally, died in the Gulag. Imagine that, the Modern Synthesis was co-founded by a shill for Lysenko. He also mentions on pg.224 that Vavilov was alledged to have had anti-Darwinian views. Isn't that the opposite of the story we are usually told? Other parts worth reading: the essay on Marx (page 14) and the essay on Euthanasia (page 176).
Evolution: Social and Organic	Lewis, 1908. If you didn't already know that Lewis was a popular Marxist kook of that era, you'd think he was just another Darwinian of that era.
Marxism and Darwinism	Anton Pannekoek, 1919.

Haeckelology
Work through these books and earn yourself an advanced degree in Haeckelology!

Freedom of Science and the Modern State	Rudolf Virchow, 1878. The teaching of biological speculations as if they are fact is a menace to the freedom of science and to the German state. Prophetic.
Haeckel, His Life and Work	Wilhem Bolsche labours manfully to leave us with the impression that, with respect to every conceivable human virtue, Darwin Medalist Ernst Haeckel was the greatest man in recorded history. In this sense the book is reminiscent of Grant Allen's biography of Darwin. Anyway, it's an interesting read. Especially the parts having to do with Haeckel's conflict with Virchow. It seems that Virchow was right, Haeckel was a menace to society - Bolsche later became a full-blown Nazi. What was Haeckel's greatest contribution to mankind? According to Bolsche it was the exclusion of God from all spheres of human thought. [Translated and extended by McCabe, who himself merits further investigation.]
The World War: Who is to Blame?	1915. Concerns German warmongering agit-prop. Haeckel is the star of the first part of the book. Does that surprise you?
The Last Link	Ernst Haeckel, 1898. If you like weird bedtime stories in the genre of William Hope Hodgeson, Olaf Stapledon, and H.P Lovecraft, you'll like this short essay about the origins of Man. It's even shorter if you cut out the lengthy character assassination of Haeckel's personal devil, Rudolf Virchow. Pages 75-76 give some early insight concerning the intra-Darwinian pseudoscientific squabblings that would grow to magnificent proportions, infecting genetics, sociobiology, etc. (pro/anti-Mendel, pro/anti-Weismann, Lysenkoism, Nature vs. Nurture, etc.)

Eugenics

Eugenics Archive	Image Archive on the American Eugenics Movement.
Essays in Eugenics	Francis Galton, Eugenics Education Society, 1909. When Darwin related the fairytale about the bird with the 1/100th-inch variation in beak length, how did he know that this variation would be inheritable? How did Darwin know that 'the progress of the United States' and 'the character of the american people' are inherited traits? He said so, therefore it is true. That's how. How did Galton know that pauperism, criminality and human worth are inherited? The Darwinian logic about heredity runs like this: if you are a Darwinian and you say X is an inheritable trait, then it is so. This way of thinking persists to this day. Galton introduces us to a new 'science', Biometry, which proves whatever he wants to prove using statistical mumbo-jumbo. Never mind that Biometry turned out to be nonsense and along with it Galton's whole edifice of hereditary science. Never mind all that, it's time to enshrine his speculations as truth in the unsuspecting public's mind... "The aims of Eugenics... 5. Persistence in setting forth the national importance of Eugenics. There are three stages to be passed through. Firstly it must be made familiar as an academic question, until its exact importance has been understood and accepted as fact; Secondly it must be recognised as a subject whose practical development deserves serious consideration; and Thirdly it must be introduced into the national conscience, like a new religion." The above is a good example of what Rudolf Virchow warned us about. But perhaps the funniest part is the sudden pitch for money on page 30: "It being far more humane to prevent suffering than to alleviate it after it has occurred, why will not charitably disposed persons leave substantial sums of money to the furtherance of Eugenic Study and practice, and of popularising the result? The money would be well bestowed." "I learn on high legal authority that the form of bequest which would be most appropriate in the present circumstances... is "I bequeath to my trusted friend A.B., ..., absolutely, the sum of $... in the hope and confidence that he will apply the same in furtherance of Eugenic Study and practice" &c. Don't miss the bit about 'Jehad' against the enemies of eugenics (on pg.99). Also mentioned: Pearson, Mott, Weldon, Westermarck, Saleeby, Edgar Schuster, Biometry, Biometrika, Eugenics Lab.
Heredity, Eugenics and Insanity	Mott, 1912. Highly disturbing. Important historical document. It was presented at the First International Eugenics Congress, the one presided by Leonard Darwin. Eugenic psychiatry. "Heredity is the most potent cause of insanity."
Nazi Doctors	"the solution of the problem of the mentally ill becomes easy if one eliminates these people." Everything you wanted to know about scary Nazi psychiatrists. See also Aktion T4.
Darwinism and Race Progress	John B. Haycraft, 1900.
The Direction of Human Evolution	Edwin Grant Conklin, 1921. The book begins with a plate photo of something you've seen many times, going back to your early childhood: the McGregor frauds. In the preface, Conklin's tone is defiant: "Many persons believe that our civilization, like other civilizations of the past, is showing signs of degeneration and decay, that throughout the world the less intelligent and more selfish elements of society are coming to control government, industry, and education, while the best elements are dying out or are losing control. Others look forward with alarm to increasing conflicts between races of mankind, to a "Rising Tide of Color in the Struggle for World Supremacy", and to the elimination of the finest types in "The Passing of the Great Race." Chesterton says that the World War put a stop to all out talk about human evolution, but this is certainly not true..." From pages 45-46: "After all, in this struggle of races and people, there is reason to believe that success will ultimately rest with the intelligent, the capable, and the ethical, and the attention of all who love their race should be centered upon raising the standards of heredity... I see no reason to suppose that in these respects the white races will fall below the colored ones. The greatest danger which faces any superior race is that of amalgamation with inferior stock and the consequent lowering of inherited capabilities." This demented book by an influential Princeton biology professor is chock full of good stuff. True to his Darwinian mold of mind, Conklin cannot stay away from blathering about religion and philosophy either. Pages 239-240: "The religion of evolution holds forth no hope of a perfect millenium in which all evil shall be eliminated and all struggle shall cease... There can be no progress of any kind without struggle... The struggle against evil in general is thus a condition of social progress... Evolution thus offers a rational solution of the great problem of evil. It has taught us that there is all about us a great and world-wide struggle for existence; that inaction and satiety end in degeneration and that advance can be purchased only by struggle, suffering, and death. "
The Trend of the Race	1921. Samuel J. Holmes, zoology professor at the University of California, president of the American Eugenics Society 1938-1940. Cites Madison Grant's Passing of the Great Race and Popenoe's Applied Eugenics, as references in the first chapter. Chapters 7, 8, 12 and 13 cite works by Alfred Ploetz as references. Chapter 11 cites works by Eugen Fischer. Chapter 16 cites Haycraft, Madison Grant, Alfred Ploetz, and Woods Hutchinson (author of The Gospel According to Darwin.) This book provides a large mass of names, books, references, and other investigative leads. Download it and get to work! In Holmes's table of human hereditary traits (page 18), "superior mentality" and "inferior mentality" are listed as dominant and recessive, respectively. Pages 37-38 showcases remarkable aberrations of scientific thought [to do]. Jukes and Kallikaks. Chapter 14, "The Selective Function of Religion" opens with the frightening quote: "If we are right in believing that the religious instinct is the only force strong enough to influence mankind, consciously or unconsciously, to consider the race as distinct from the individual, it is clear that the character of the national religion, the correctness of the biological principles its teaching embodies, the devotion, fidelity and number of its adherents, will be the real criterion of success or failure" - Wetham & Wetham, Heredity and Society Ponder the meaning of that with respect to, say, Naziism, and keep in mind that Galton wanted a national religion based on eugenics, and so did Julian Huxley and many others.
Racial Biology of the Jews	Otmar von Verschuer.
Racial Origin of the Hebrews	Eugen Fischer, 1938. A most interesting essay about the evolution of the Jews. Fischer talks about selection and adaptation and so on, even throwing in Peking Man, Java Man, and much more. His appeals to genetics are in typical Darwinian style reminiscent of today's evolutionary psychologists: "We have conclusive proof that mental and psychological characteristics are just as much based on hereditary predispositions as are physical characteristics, normal and pathological ones."
German Racial Policy	Eugenical News, 1936. C.G. Campbell (Eugenics Society fellow, 1937; American Eugenics Society; Eugenics Research Association honorary president) "It is unfortunate that the anti-Nazi propaganda with which all countries have been flooded has gone far to obscure the correct understanding of the German racial policy."
Genetics	Textbook by evolutionary biologist and American Eugenics Society member Herbert E. Walter. Poisoned science poisoning a generation of students.
Evolution, Genetics, and Eugenics	Horatio Newman, 1921. Textbook on evolutionary biology. From the preface: "This book has been prepared to meet a specific demand, long felt here and elsewhere, for an account of the various phases of evolutionary biology condensed within the scope of one volume of moderate size. The present writer has now for sixteen successive years presented in lecture form to large classes of students the subjects of evolution, genetics, and eugenics... It is believed that the present book will furnish adequate reading material for a major or a semester course in evolutionary biology." True Darwinian that he is, Newman cannot stop himself from blathering about religion. Again, from the preface: "It is very unfortunate, but none the less true, that even in these scientific days, the subject of evolution has a bad name in many communities and in many educational institutions with religious affiliations. The mistake is made of supposing that evolution and religion are diametrically opposed. The present writer has been at some pains to make it clear that evolution and religion are strictly compatible. We teachers of evolution in the colleges have no sinister designs upon the religious faith of our students." What "pains" is he referring to? His own comments, which appear in various places, and the essay by Joseph Le Conte (page 46) The Relation of Evolution to Materialism, which argues that yes, indeed, religion and evolution are compatible, as long as you have the right conceptions of God and religion--conceptions which do not contradict what the evolutionists say. In the preface, Newman has high praise for some vicious eugenists: "The clearness and scientific accuracy of Conklin, Saleeby, Guyer, Walter... Popenoe, Johnson... are familiar to American biologists." On page 90 we have the good old McGregor frauds. Pages 149-151: fake science comparing human babies to apes and fairytales about the 'prehensile simian toes' of human babies. Page 159 - suspicious drawings of human and ape arms by Romanes. Page 164 &c, Haeckelology, then a scathing critique of Haeckelology which ends in the baffling conclusion that Haeckelology is nevertheless "one of the strongest arguments in support of the evolutionary doctrine." Newman makes some equally baffling comments about Piltdown Man on pages 92-93. On page 219 there begins a very interesting treatment of natural selection, with a summary of the postulates of Darwinism by Vernon Kellog on page 245. The postulates are presented anew by Nutting on page 259. From this we learn a curious truth of history: the Darwinism of Ernst Mayr (2001) is no different from Kellog's and Nutting's Darwinism circa 1920, which is no different from Clodd's Darwinism circa 1900, and so on. Pages 365-375: introduction to the pseudoscience of Biometry. Pages 459-onward: eugenics, with a nasty essay by Herbert Walter. On page 483, while discussing human judgement, Walter makes the following error of judgement: "...it is unlikely that the world will ever see another great religious inquisition, or that in applying to man the newly found laws of heredity there will ever be undertaken an equally deplorable eugenic inquisition."
Applied Eugenics	Popular american textbook by Paul Popenoe and Roswell Johnson (secretary and treasurer, American Eugenics Society, president 1927-1929.) Essential reading. Covers the usual topics: natural selection, feeble-mindedness, the Jukes and Kallikaks, hillbillies, racial segregation, etc. Read this to understand George Hunter's darwinism chapters in A Civic Biology.
The Kallikak Family	Henry H. Goddard (later, American Eugenics Society, Eugenics Research Association). Goddard coined the term moron. This bogus 1912 study of hereditary disfunctionality deeply influenced american pop culture. You will see it referred to uncritically countless times by other darwinians. "Democracy means that the people rule by selecting the wisest, most intelligent and most human to tell them what to do to be happy." - H.H. Goddard.
On Catholicism	Eugenics Review, 1931. Eugenists contra Pope Pius XI. Makes the usual "science-denier" accusations: "The Pope delivers an uncompromising ultimatum not only to eugenists, but to all who seek to order their own affairs in the light of science... It is a defiant return to medievalism... As eugenists, our interest lies in the practical effect of [Catholic] doctrines; and this Encyclical deals the final blow to our hopes of coming to an agreement with them... the Pope here issues an unqualified condemnation of both sterilization and the prohibition of marriage... The Encyclical [is] a return to the Middle Ages. It's medievalism is carried so far as to ignore all anthropology, all history not contained in Genesis, and to attack not only the practice of eugenics, but also the underlying biological bases. Not only is current biology specifically attacked, but an onslaught is made on the whole texture of science and the liberty of thought..." blah blah Some of Julian Huxley's comments about the Pope's encyclical were published by Time Magazine: "...we shall tell the man who can't provide for himself and his family that he cannot have State aid unless he agrees not to have any more children. If he refuses, State aid shall also be refused him or else he shall be locked up. ... In our society a man with a small family finds that he gets ahead quicker and that his smaller number of children can have greater advantages. All of this may seem very undemocratic, but heredity and biology are very undemocratic."
The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection	R. A. Fisher, 1930. Could just as well be put in the Rubber Science category. [Coming soon.]

The Scopes Trial

A Civic Biology

What was the Scopes trial really about? It was about this biology textbook. Read the darwinism sections for yourself. Shocked, you say? Do you disapprove? You must be a science-denier! In the intro, Hunter says he is grateful to the fine scientific minds who helped him... "sincere thanks" to Herbert E. Walter, a rabid eugenist, for his assistance. Short summary: Pg.193-196: horse evolution; monkeys and men; Mongolians, Negroes, and the "highest type of all, the Caucasians, represented by the civilized white inhabitants of Europe and America." Pg.253-265: natural selection, heredity, and Darwin; dog breeding, eugenics, hereditary feeble-mindedness, Jukes and Kallikaks, useless eaters, Davenport, eugenic psychiatry. "Hundreds of families such as those described above exist to-day, spreading disease, immorality, and crime to all parts of this country." Pg.270-on: man is a machine, etc.

The Menace of Darwinism

1921, William Jennings Bryan. If you download this prophetic little book, don't leave it lying around unencrypted. That could cost you your job, your friends, or worse. If you are a teacher and you want to experience martyrdom, assign this as a reading for your class. William Jennings Bryan was the prosecutor for the Scopes trial. "[Darwinism] teaches teaches that Christianity impairs the race physically. That was the first implication at which I revolted. It led me to review the doctrine and reject it entirely... The language which I have quoted proves that Darwinism is directly antagonistic to Christianity... and of the care it bestows on the weak and the helpless." Bryan calls it like it is and pulls no punches. "Theistic evolution may be described as an anesthetic which deadens the pain while the patient's religion is being gradually removed..." "...atheists and agnostics are not only claiming but enjoying higher rights and greater privileges in this land than Christians; that is, they are able to propagate their views at public expense while Christianity must be taught at the expense of Christians. Whenever Christians, whether Protestant or Catholic, desire to present to students their interpretation of Christianity they build their own colleges with their own money, employ their own teachers, and give to the school a name which indicates what is being taught... The question in dispute is whether atheists and agnostics have a right to teach irreligion in public schools--whether teachers drawing salaries from the public treasury shall be permitted to undermine belief in God, the Bible, and Christ by teaching not scientific truth but unproven and unsupported guesses which cannot be true unless the Bible is false." "If the Bible cannot be defended in these schools it should not be attacked, either directly of under the guise of philosophy or science. The neutrality which we now have is often but a sham; it carefully excludes the Christian religion but permits the use of the schoolrooms for the destruction of faith and for the teaching of materialistic doctrines." But there are simply too many fantastic quotes which could be presented here. Best read the whole thing - but be careful!

Other

Popper and After	Have you noticed that Darwinians have their own private philosophy of science? You know: science can't prove anything, nothing is true, etc. A very handy philosophy to have if you don't intend to prove anything. There's actually a word for it: Irrationalism. David Stove takes a meat-cleaver to four modern Irrationalists.
On the Use of Philosophy	Jacques Maritain, 1961. What do you think when you hear the word philosophy? Does it conjure an image of some intellectual fart with little round John Lennon-glasses, sucking on a reefer and mumbling "capitalism, man, it's the patriarchy, cuz there ain't no truth, cuz like, 1+1 equals 2 ain't even true cuz in binary arithmetic 1+1 equals 10..."? This sort of philosopher is incompetent but not irrelevant. Noxious philosophers, like Hume, Bertrand Russell, Spencer, Dewey, Sartre, Neitzche, Marx, etc, had tremendous influence on generations. How can people defend themselves from the specious reasoning of bad philosophers? In three short essays, Jacques Maritain explains the value of sound philosophy.
Metaphysics	James McCosh, 1889. With so many bad philosophers filling the shelves, it's hard to recommend something halfway decent and not over-stuffed with specialized technical terminology. Scottish-American James McCosh is a reasonable fellow with an easy-to-read style. Even the Jesuits liked him.
Truth	James McCosh, 1889. Truth is a subversive word. Do you hesitate to use it in the presence of a Darwinian? Worried about the meteoric shower of abuse it will call forth? Well, McCosh isn't afraid to use it. "We have truth when our ideas are conformed to things. The aim of this work is to show that there is truth, that truth can be found, and that there are tests by which we may determine when we have found it."