Posted on 03/30/2018 5:38:54 PM PDT by Bellflower
For those FReepers unfamiliar with Fullerene, info here
Lol beat me to it
Carbon bad!!
But can you make undetectable guns out of it? If somebody even starts that rumor, liberals will be hysterical.
Concepts come first, then materials catch up. The Field Effect Transistor (1926 application) found in digital computers, predates the junction transistor. Bell Labs scientist built one based on Lilienfeld’s functioning design, but it was still a lab curiosity due to material’s deficits.
Shockley pivoted next to the Junction Transistor concept which was found in non homogeneous regions of crystal diodes developed at Purdue University for RADAR application. Initially, point contacts to the surface of a doped crystal found the different composition of crystal zones that served as an amplifier. Hit and miss limited practical usage.
Control of the chemistry in the progressive growth of crystals, allowed forming layers with the distinct electrical properties found in junction devices. This was Bell Lab’s basis for a patent of the first practical transistor.
Graphene has unusual electrical properties in isolation. Placing a flake of graphene on top of a typical substrate, induces graphene to mimic the properties of the underlying substrate. Developing an attachment system of chemical bonds (pillars) which levitate a graphene monolayer a sufficient distance above the supporting structure of the device is one approach under investigation.
Does one atom thick graphene have totally different characteristics than a two atom thick slice of graphite? Why is this?
Would not have a clue. I’m not a scientist. Sorry.
This certainly needs to be researched. Asbestos has very sharp edges. Graphene, I once read, IIRC, can have rounded edges. Carbon is natural to the body. I wonder if there are many natural nano particles in nature? At any rate, you are right, before graphene is given a big go ahead it definitely needs to be thoroughly researched for adverse, and possibly deadly side effects.
That’s OK, I value your opinion. I wonder if there are other conductive or semi-conductive materials with anomalous one-layer atom behavior. Are silicon and gallium arsenide like that? TIA
Semiconductor theory uses mathematics assuming 1000s of atoms, while single atomic layers are developed from quantum theoretic methods where observation only is allowed in final states of the particle transition states.
Even nano-particles have say 1000-10000 atoms per nano-particle.
Fullerene evolved from the idea that Carbon is known to have 2 different stable structures of graphite and diamond, (pure carbon in molecular form(allotropes)) both with vastly different material properties.
So in the lab, it was conjectured by looking at crystallography and X-ray diffraction, where thousands of different crystallographic structures are feasible, to match the atomic orientations to form other stable molecules only using carbon atoms.
Fullerene is generally based off a 3 dimensional dodecohedron structure, while graphene is a sheet based material. So in the nano-particle world, the sheet of carbon might have electromagnetic properties and reciprical lattice space properties, which form elemental design widgets, in designing nano level devices.
Fullerene might easily be used as nano level ball bearings, etc.
The idea flows from transistors being perceived as E-M valves in electronic device design, and now other materials might be formed at the nano level for say, structural, mechanical, electrical, and other engineering designs from macroscopic levels, now taken to nano level dimensions.
Thank you for valuing my opinion. But as I said, I don’t have a scientific bent. I know, from reading, that both silicon and gallium arsenide are used heavily used in the electronics industry buy I have no specific knowledge of either.
Graphene kills. It is an invasive substance that disrupts all cellular life. Within 1 year of its release, all life on Earth will simply melt into puddles of chemical soup.
Studies, studies? #:=/
I assert so, is my source.
I’ve been peer-reviewed three times, too!
Me, myself, and I all peer-reviewed my work!
Well, good for you!
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.