He assumes colonization suppressed development of countries such as India, etc.
And Africa. Just along for the ride on the coattails of the rest of the world.
India and China accounted for over 80% of the world’s GDP for much of history. Purely based on economic numbers, British control weakened the Indian economy and Britain specifically introduced policies to curtail manufacturing in India, preferring instead that India imported clothing from Manchester.
Much of Indian industry today is thanks to private entrepreneurship and Russian and American assistance during post-Independence years.
The author’s data and graphs support the above.