“How do you tell them apart?”
You already answered that...Mass, charge, momentum, spin, color, and whatever else I can’t remember because it’s too late.
But what do those terms mean? You mean subatomic particles have color, as in red, blue green? But they're so small, we can't see or photograph them.
You mean they spin like tops? And we can measure that? And their axis?
And if can only measure them at a single point in space, how do you measure for momentum?