To an animal with different color pigments, there are colors which exist even though you can't see them. To a human with different color vision, there are also colors that exist even though you can't see them. In fact, by your definition, there are as many objective colors as there are possible visual pigments; which is close to an infinity of colors. Out of this infinitiy of objective colors people and most organisms can see only three, or two, or just one.
And ultimately, it all comes down to a function where we have intensity of light on one axis and frequency on the other. But even that function can be shifted, for example, by the Doppler effect.
It's not a very good example of a universal.
How about "pi" or "threeness"? Did pi exist before it was named? Did threes exist before anyone learned to count?
I mention this based on long experience discussing theproblem of universals online and elsewhere.