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Bird flu's bodily harm revealed
news@nature.com ^ | 20 January 2006 | Helen Pearson

Posted on 01/20/2006 6:30:25 PM PST by neverdem

Cat study shows the H5N1 virus attacking gut and other organs.

Avian flu ravages tissues throughout the body, confirms an autopsy of infected cats. The finding suggests that the virus might infect people's guts through what they eat, and spread via contaminated faeces.

Fears about bird flu continue to balloon, and with its arrival in Turkey, the disease has a foot in the door in Europe. The H5N1 strain of the virus has killed more than half of those people it is known to have infected.

Because of fears that the virus will spark a human pandemic, researchers want to know how it is likely to attack the body and jump between people. But they have had little opportunity to answer these questions, in part because only a handful of human victims have been autopsied.

Caught in cats

So a team led by Thijs Kuiken at the Erasmus Medical Centre in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, carried out detailed autopsies of infected cats; these mammals are thought to be a reasonable model for human infections. This allowed them to catch a glimpse of the virus at the peak of an infection, rather than waiting until after death.

The team first reported that the H5N1 flu strain could infect domestic cats1 in 2004, a discovery that was startling because cats were previously thought to be immune to the flu. In a follow-up study, published in the American Journal of Pathology this month2, they carefully probed the tissues of eight infected animals.

The virus wreaks havoc in the brain, liver, kidney, heart and numerous other tissues, they find, killing cells and triggering inflammation. By contrast, the flu viruses that strike people in winter largely limit their damage to the nose and lungs.

This discovery backs up earlier studies in mice and ferrets, and may help to explain why the bird flu kills so many of the humans it infects. "It's promiscuous," says veterinary pathologist Corrie Brown, who studies infectious diseases at the University of Georgia, Athens. "It doesn't care what type of cell it invades."

Pass it on

The cat survey highlights two more worrying facts about the virus. The team find that H5N1 can be excreted in cat faeces as well as from the lungs.

Researchers think that people mostly catch the disease by breathing in virus from contaminated bird droppings, but it has not been clear that it could spread between mammals by a faecal-oral route too.

This suggests that avian flu might spread in water contaminated with people's infected faeces or urine as well as in coughed-out droplets. Should a human pandemic begin, this could be a major problem in developing countries where poor sanitation would fuel spread of the disease. "We do need to be aware," Kuiken says.

Careful what you eat

The team also find evidence, for the first time, that the virus can directly attack nerve cells in the gut of cats fed infected chicken meat.

This suggests the virus can directly attack the human intestine too, reinforcing current advice to avoid raw, infected meat. Kuiken says the finding could also explain two reported cases of human avian flu in which patients developed diarrhoea and encephalitis rather than the classic respiratory symptoms.

Researchers already knew that the H5N1 virus, like other pathogenic avian flu viruses, spreads throughout the body of birds. But they are only beginning to identify the genetic tricks that allow H5N1 to march into so many tissues.

Experts are still struggling to predict whether the virus will begin to spread swiftly between humans at all. "I think the greatest precaution we can take now is to control it in birds," Brown says, "That's the seething cauldron of the virus." Cats are not expected to be a major reservoir for the disease.

References Kuiken T., et al. Science, 306. 241 (2004). Article, PubMed Rimmelzwaan G. F., et al. American Journal of Pathology, 168. 176 - 183 (2006). Story from news@nature.com doi:10.1038/news060116-15


TOPICS: Culture/Society; Extended News; News/Current Events
KEYWORDS: avianflu; avianinfluenza; birdflu; cats; h5n1
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It doesn't care what type of cells it invades. Corrie Brown University of Georgia, Athens
1 posted on 01/20/2006 6:30:27 PM PST by neverdem
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To: neverdem

Definitely not gonna' eat any more cat poop; nossirreebob! Hunh, unh!!!!


2 posted on 01/20/2006 6:32:40 PM PST by muawiyah (-)
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To: neverdem
Reading this made me squirm.
3 posted on 01/20/2006 6:37:40 PM PST by VadeRetro (Liberalism is a cancer on society. Creationism is a cancer on conservatism.)
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To: neverdem
The virus wreaks havoc in the brain, liver, kidney, heart and numerous other tissues, they find, killing cells and triggering inflammation. By contrast, the flu viruses that strike people in winter largely limit their damage to the nose and lungs.

That sounds nasty. Wasn't there an unsuccessful mutation of H5N1 that caused neurological symptoms and/or brain damage in Vietnamese patients? Quite lethal, but it never became dominant, it seems.
4 posted on 01/20/2006 6:45:40 PM PST by Termite_Commander (Warning: Cynical Right-winger Ahead)
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To: neverdem

Big cull coming down the pike


5 posted on 01/20/2006 6:56:29 PM PST by joesnuffy (A camel once bit our sister.. but we knew what to do.. we gathered rocks and squashed her!)
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To: neverdem

Cats? Awww jeez. First my chickies, now my kitty. This is getting to be a little worrisome. I asked this one the next thread at

http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/1561989/posts?page=1

Do we have a ping list? If not, we need one...


6 posted on 01/20/2006 7:16:45 PM PST by dandelion
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To: dandelion

The cats didn't catch it on their own, the scientist gave it to them. Makes a difference.

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/09/0902_040902_birdflu.html

The researchers introduced the H5N1 virus into the airways of three cats. Three other cats were fed an infected chick. Finally, two cats were exposed to the virus by being placed in the same cage as the first three cats.


7 posted on 01/20/2006 7:23:58 PM PST by snippy_about_it (Fall in --> The FReeper Foxhole. America's History. America's Soul.)
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To: Slings and Arrows

ping.


8 posted on 01/20/2006 7:26:03 PM PST by Jet Jaguar
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To: neverdem
Cats are not expected to be a major reservoir for the disease.

He did it now; he had to go and say something. How many times have scientists and doctors made statements like this and had to eat their words later?

9 posted on 01/20/2006 7:38:53 PM PST by metmom (Welfare was never meant to be a career choice.)
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To: El Gato; JudyB1938; Ernest_at_the_Beach; Robert A. Cook, PE; lepton; LadyDoc; jb6; tiamat; PGalt; ..
Blacks, whites affected differently by smoking

Superbugs abound in soil

FReepmail me if you want on or off my health and science ping list.

10 posted on 01/20/2006 7:39:30 PM PST by neverdem (May you be in heaven a half hour before the devil knows that you're dead.)
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To: snippy_about_it
The cats didn't catch it on their own, the scientist gave it to them. Makes a difference.

Bird flu kills tigers in Thailand

11 posted on 01/20/2006 7:44:00 PM PST by neverdem (May you be in heaven a half hour before the devil knows that you're dead.)
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To: neverdem

bump


12 posted on 01/20/2006 7:45:17 PM PST by VOA
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To: dandelion; vetvetdoug; EBH; Judith Anne; Mother Abigail
Do we have a ping list? If not, we need one...

I post from time to time on it. One of these other folks have a dedicated list I believe.

13 posted on 01/20/2006 7:47:43 PM PST by neverdem (May you be in heaven a half hour before the devil knows that you're dead.)
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To: neverdem
after they ate raw chicken infected with bird flu.

You'd think being in SE Asia they would have been more careful feeding them chicken carcasses.

14 posted on 01/20/2006 7:47:57 PM PST by snippy_about_it (Fall in --> The FReeper Foxhole. America's History. America's Soul.)
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To: muawiyah
Definitely not gonna' eat any more cat poop; nossirreebob! Hunh, unh!!!!

Now go convince my dog.

15 posted on 01/20/2006 7:50:31 PM PST by Hank Rearden (Never allow anyone who could only get a government job attempt to tell you how to run your life.)
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To: neverdem

Thanks for that link about tigers in Thailand. I was going to mention that, but saw that you took care of it.


16 posted on 01/20/2006 7:51:49 PM PST by Judith Anne (Thank you St. Jude for favors granted.)
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To: snippy_about_it
The cats didn't catch it on their own, the scientist gave it to them. Makes a difference.

Here you are again misleading people.

From the article you linked to (maybe you didn't read it):

"The researchers introduced the H5N1 virus into the airways of three cats. Three other cats were fed an infected chick. Finally, two cats were exposed to the virus by being placed in the same cage as the first three cats."

Since all of the cats they mentioned were infected, cats can become infected simply by being around other infected cats. Does that mean, "the scientist gave it to them"?

In any event, three of the cats were infected by eating a sick bird. Maybe you don't have much experience with cats, but they tend to like to eat birds - even outside of laboratories.

17 posted on 01/20/2006 8:28:59 PM PST by ordinaryguy
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To: ordinaryguy
Here you are again misleading people.

So had the scientist not infected the cats and then let them in a cage with uninfected cats would the cats have gotten the disease?

My point was to say it hadn't "naturally" gone to cats yet.

18 posted on 01/20/2006 9:01:41 PM PST by snippy_about_it (Fall in --> The FReeper Foxhole. America's History. America's Soul.)
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To: snippy_about_it
So had the scientist not infected the cats and then let them in a cage with uninfected cats would the cats have gotten the disease?

Perhaps you aren't clear about how controlled experiments are conducted.

My point was to say it hadn't "naturally" gone to cats yet.

You are wrong again.

Influenza A virus (A/cat/Thailand/KU-02/04(H5N1))

Also, "...domestic cats, captive tigers, and leopards also died from H5N1 viruses... In October 2004, the infection of H5N1 viruses was confirmed in captive tigers at Sriracha tiger zoo in Chonburi Province, eastern Thailand. A total of 147 of 441 tigers kept in the zoo died or were euthanized..." ( Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1, Thailand, 2004 )

Why are you continuing to spew your misinformation? What is your vested interest?

19 posted on 01/20/2006 10:10:52 PM PST by ordinaryguy
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To: muawiyah

I know the feeling.

How will I ever survive without my bowl of cat poop in the morning? And how do you eat SOS (Sh@t On A Shingle) without the cat poop?

Can I forego the 'after lunch' wake-up cup of cat poop? Or the ever so tasty cat poop on a stick?

And how will I get my daily dose of Vitamin S? Only cat poop has Vitamin S! (S is for Skippy the Wonder Cat of DOOOM[TM])

I suppose I could switch to dog poop...

:-)


20 posted on 01/20/2006 10:32:26 PM PST by gogogodzilla (Raaargh! Raaargh! Crush, Stomp!)
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