Posted on 04/29/2008 8:05:43 AM PDT by RightWhale
Bremerhaven, Germany (SPX) Apr 29, 2008
The Antarctic deep sea gets colder, which might stimulate the circulation of the oceanic water masses. This is the first result of the Polarstern expedition of the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research in the Helmholtz Association that has just ended in Punta Arenas/Chile. At the same time satellite images from the Antarctic summer have shown the largest sea-ice extent on record. In the coming years autonomous measuring buoys will be used to find out whether the cold Antarctic summer induces a new trend or was only a "slip".
The Polarstern expedition ANT-XXIV/3 was dedicated to examining the oceanic circulation and the oceanic cycles of materials that depend on it. Core themes were the projects CASO (Climate of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean) and GEOTRACES, two of the main projects in the Antarctic in the International Polar Year 2007/08. Under the direction of Dr. Eberhard Fahrbach, Oceanographer at the Alfred Wegener Institute, 58 scientists from ten countries were on board the research vessel Polarstern in the Southern Ocean from 6 February until 16 April, 2008. They studied ocean currents as well as the distribution of temperature, salt content and trace substances in Antarctic sea water. "We want to investigate the role of the Southern Ocean for past, present and future climate," chief scientist Fahrbach said. The sinking water masses in the Southern Ocean are part of the overturning in this region and thus play a major role in global climate. "While the last Arctic summer was the warmest on record, we had a cold summer with a sea-ice maximum in the Antarctic. The expedition shall form the basis for understanding the opposing developments in the Arctic and in the Antarctic," Fahrbach said. In the frame of the GEOTRACES project the scientists found the smallest iron concentrations ever measured in the ocean. As iron is an essential trace element for algal growth, and algae assimilate CO2 from the air, the concentration of iron is an important parameter against the background of the discussion to what extent the oceans may act as a carbon sink.
As the oceanic changes only become visible after several years and also differ spatially, the data achieved during the Polarstern expeditions are not sufficient to discern long-term developments. The data gap can only be closed with the aid of autonomous observing systems, moored at the seafloor or drifting freely, that provide oceanic data for several years. "As a contribution to the Southern Ocean Observation System we deployed, in international cooperation, 18 moored observing stations, and we recovered 20. With a total of 65 floating systems that can also collect data under the sea ice and are active for up to five years we constructed a unique and extensive measuring network," Fahrbach said. In order to get the public, and especially the young generation, interested in science and research and to sensitise them for environmental processes, two teachers were on board Polarstern. Both took an active part in research work and communicated their experiences to pupils, colleagues and the media via internet and telephone. "We will bring home many impressions from this expedition, and we will be able to provide a lively picture of the polar regions and their impact on the whole earth to the pupils," Charlotte Lohse, teacher at the Heisenberg-Gymnasium in Hamburg, and Stefan Theisen from the Free Waldorf School in Kiel said.
Come on Mother Nature! Get those temps dropping beyond debate so we can shut down this global warming hoax before it’s too late.
Ozone Hole Recovery May Reshape Southern Hemisphere Climate Change
Boulder CO (SPX) Apr 29, 2008
A full recovery of the stratospheric ozone hole could modify climate change in the Southern Hemisphere and even amplify Antarctic warming, according to scientists from the University of Colorado at Boulder, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and NASA.
While Earth’s average surface temperatures have been increasing, the interior of Antarctica has exhibited a unique cooling trend during the austral summer and fall caused by ozone depletion, said Judith Perlwitz of the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, a joint institute of CU-Boulder and NOAA. “If the successful control of ozone-depleting substances allows for a full recovery of the ozone hole over Antarctica, we may finally see the interior of Antarctica begin to warm with the rest of the world,” Perlwitz said.
Perlwitz is lead author of a new study on the subject to be published April 26 in Geophysical Research Letters. Co-authors include Steven Pawson and Eric Nielson of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., and Ryan Fogt and William Neff of NOAA’s Earth System Research Laboratory in Boulder. The study was supported by NASA’s Modeling and Analysis Program.
The authors used a NASA supercomputer model that included interactions between the climate and stratospheric ozone chemistry to examine how changes in the ozone hole influence climate and weather near Earth’s surface, said Perlwitz.
The study authors calculated that when stratospheric ozone levels return to near pre-1969 levels by the end of the 21st century, large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns now shielding the Antarctic interior from warmer air masses to the north will begin to break down during the austral summer. The circulation patterns are collectively known as a positive phase of the Southern Annular Mode, or SAM.
The scientists found that as ozone levels recover, the lower stratosphere over the polar region will absorb more harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. This could cause air temperatures roughly 6 to 12 miles above Earth’s surface to rise by as much as 16 degrees Fahrenheit, reducing the strong north-south temperature gradient that currently favors the positive phase of SAM, said the research team.
The supercomputer modeling effort also indicated that ozone hole recovery would weaken the intense westerly winds that currently whip around Antarctica and block air masses from crossing into the continent’s interior. As a result, Antarctica would no longer be isolated from the warming patterns affecting the rest of the world.
NASA’s Pawson said ozone recovery over Antarctica would essentially reverse summertime climate and atmospheric circulation changes that have been caused by the presence of the ozone hole. “It appears that ozone-induced climate change occurred quickly, over 20 to 30 years, in response to the rapid onset of the ozone hole,” he said. “These seasonal changes will decay more slowly than they built up, since it takes longer to cleanse the stratosphere of ozone-depleting gases than it took for them to build up.”
The seasonal shift in large-scale circulation patterns could have repercussions for Australia and South America as well. Other studies have shown that the positive phase of SAM is associated with cooler temperatures over much of Australia and increased rainfall over Australia’s southeast coastline.
During late spring and early summer, the positive phase of SAM also is associated with drier conditions in South America’s productive agricultural areas like Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay, said Perlwitz. If ozone recovery induces a shift away from a positive SAM, Australia could experience warmer and drier conditions while South America could get wetter, she said.
But just how influential a full stratospheric ozone recovery will be on Southern Hemisphere climate largely depends on the future rate of greenhouse gas emissions, according to the GRL authors. Projected increases in human-emitted greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide will be the main driver for strengthening the positive phase of SAM.
“In running our model simulations, we assumed that greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide would double over the next 40 years and then slowly level off,” said Perlwitz. “If human activities cause more rapid increases in greenhouse gases, or if we continue to produce these gases for a longer period of time, then the positive SAM may dominate year-round and dwarf any climatic effects caused by ozone recovery.”
Computer simulations are inherently Aristotelian, that is, they discover nothing that wasn’t already in the premise; purely deduction. Repeal the Law of the Excluded Middle and dump Aristotle.
Of course, South America and Australia have been having record cold, so that Aussie and Kiwi climatologists are much more sceptical of ‘global warming’ than their Northern Hemisphere counterparts.
‘Global Warming’ may be less a hoax than an artifact of Americo-Eurasian provincialism.
When did the body of water surrounding Antarctica become the Southern Ocean? I don't remember this from 60's and 70's geography. I always was under the impression that the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans were on Antarctica's shores.
About 10 years ago. Another discovery I made and didnt like was the changing of AD (Anno Domini) to CE (Common Era). How absurd, it is still based on the birth of Christ!
Suspect a translation artifact.
Then the idiots will switch to global cooling without a flinch and think nothing of it.. and keep right on going.. The truth is they don't really care.. its faux care.. or posturing.. You know like a RAPPER.. who makes noises, assumes postureing, and shakes verbal trees like a chimpanzee.. acting out emotional stress,,
Liberals are very primitive.. Yes I;m talking about your wife, mother, cousin, or best friend.. Socially, politically, and intellectually primitives.. Even a few freepers..
As miserable and long as this winter from hell has been, I'm thinking a few more like it may actually be a good thing in the long run, if that helps wake people up, and save us from carbon dictatorship.
I refuse to use CE = Common Era.
I made it CE = CHRISTIAN ERA.
Cool, eh?
Obligarory d@mn glowbull warming comment!!
Gee, we keep hearing all the ice flows melted...
That’s right. We should have stayed with Latin.
EXTRA EXTRA
Global warming put off till next week...
I would worry the weight of the new ice will cause earth’s crust to slip and plunge Europe into the deep Arctic.
Idiots.
They are not idiots. They are Aristotelians. Syllogisms are useless, but we must know them.
The enigma of global warming...it makes things colder....
This was posted here several days ago.
http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/2007316/posts
I think it covers the rest of the planet.
Hurrecanes are also caused by warmer ocean temps, high temps more hurrecanes, low temps low number of H’canes.
When direct evidence conflicts with your worldview, express hope it really means that you will be able to find some other evidence proving your worldview was correct after all.
How about this: simple cold and getting colder?
It’s actually not simple, especially when analyzing noise. The move hasn’t been enough up or down to identify a trend. The main new thing is they have satellites and thousands of robotic weather stations so actually they have nothing to compare this too, just like the Ozone Hole, first noticed when they first got some data.
If there is any “noise”, it is in how a lot of grant-seeking (and award-grubbing) scientists hide how they have prostituted themselves to ideology and money.
If you listen to Coast (the old Art Bell Show) you have probably heard some of those recordings where they hear voices in the background hiss. The Global Warmers are equivalent, seeing climate change in the background noise of the weather reports. Ghosts, departed spirits.
The current rate of change in CO2 is 10ppm/year, with a level of 380 ppm. It will take 130 years for CO2 to double at current rates.
And how catastrophic will that be? The best, IPCC-untainted models that actually match radiosonde observations predict that a doubling of CO2 will increase Global temperature by an amazing ...
0.5 degree C
The AGW fanatics are ramping their predictions further from reality all the time.
We naturally recoil when scientists publish research paid for by tobacco companies that tells us how safe cigarettes are because we can see the paid-for bias coming a mile away. Yet, we are willingly blind to a similar bias that is purchased by think-alike grant committees.
Bad science destroys liberty and prosperity especially when politicians pick it up as a cause to “solve” using government which, in the final analysis, only can use the credible threat of deadly force with which to force people to obey it.
None of the new tools has supported their earlier expectations; needs work...
Yes, Wegner. The guy ridiculed by all the learned scientists of his day when he proposed the theory of Continental Drift.
And we all know how that one turned out. Now skeptics of global warming dogma are getting Wegnerian treatment from the 'establishment' scientist.
Oh no! If global warming causes global cooling, and more ice piles up down there, it could cause the earth to wobble on its axis, and really set off some global calamities! Just look at any picture of the south pole and you will see that it isn't centered over the actual polar axis. Then think of one of those orbital buffers that you can use to polish you car's wax finish. You will see how serious a problem this has a potential to become. I, however, am willing to study the problem and come up with sme possible solutions. I just have to get my website set up and a paypal account. I'll get back to you.
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my understanding is; a cooling ocean absorbs CO2, and a warming ocean releases CO2.
As a result, CO2 rises follows a warming trend, rather then leading it, hence a lag time.
In reality it has nothing to do with global warming at all.
The proof: CO2 levels are still rising, yet we had a cold winter.
Someone straighten me out, if I am wrong on this.
The way I heard it was that Hurricanes were caused by temperature differences, and since the models say a warmer globe will actually have lower differences (the poles warm more than the equator), there will be fewer hurricanes. And, by the way, that's also what history says. Warm spells have milder weather. see Unstoppable Global Warming: Every 1,500 Years
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