Apple is not doing those ads you're seeing, fireman. Those ads are coming from the carriers. Apple still gets their full wholesale price for both phones. I've seen ads for buy an iPhone X, get a free iPhone 8 for a family member as well.
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LOL! The cat just agreed with that by walking across my MacBook keyboard.
It is a little suprising, but if anyone would know... it would be you. Currently basically every carrier and many of the MVNOs are selling various iPhones at heavily discounted prices. The most common is the BOGO (Buy One Get One Free) iPhone 8 deal
The most surprising deal to me was finding that until very recently Walmart’s Straight Talk was selling the iPhone SE without a contract for $129, now its up to $159.
https://www.walmart.com/ip/Straight-Talk-Apple-iPhone-SE-32GB-Prepaid-Smartphone-Gray/497984946
I had no idea that Apple was aggressively going after the lower end of the market. I guess I know what to get my technologically challenged father for his birthday.