Rapid aging of HIV immune system reported in 2011 & earlier by Rita Effros & UCLA researchers

natap.org ^ | 2021/09/23 | Conference report

[NetAddicted]

Rapid Aging of HIV Immune System Reported in 2011 and Earlier by Rita Effros & UCLA Researchers.

But this was essentially not followed up on. Rita Effros, long-time immunologist at UCLA, and others predicted we would have this aging problem but these findings & predictions got little attention except by a few immunology & HIV researchers like Alan Landay, Joe Margolick, Keri Althoff & Seems Desai who did research & discussed these issues. It was much earlier that Rita Effros first reported (1996; https://journals.lww.com/aidsonline/Citation/1996/07000/

Shortened_telomeres_in_the_expanded_CD28_CD8__cell.1.aspx) these problems than these 2011 publications. But overall these problems & predictions were ignored. now we are left with trying to deal with this & sort through these issues now. Jules Levin

Rita Effros lecture 2014: Human T Cell Aging: Telomere Loss, Inflammation and Links to Disease summary

New Research Finds HIV causes rapid aging in key infection-fighting cells: "Successful ART treatment does not fully reconstitute the CD31-CD4+ naïve T-cell subset"

"Successful ART treatment does not fully reconstitute the CD31-CD4+ naïve T-cell subset"

"in individuals infected with HIV-1, these cells underwent unexpectedly rapid aging - the equivalent of 20 to 30 years of aging within three years of infection. They also found that the number of CD31- T-cells, which are more quickly pulled into the fight against new pathogens, had fallen drastically......The researchers also investigated whether appropriate treatment could reverse this aging effect. They examined cells from HIV-positive individuals who had been on antiretroviral therapy for two years and whose therapy had successfully kept HIV-1 under control. They found that while the therapy kept their viral loads at undetectable levels, it did not entirely restore their immune systems, suggesting a reason why younger HIV-positive people still become ill with conditions more common to older people....our results help to explain some of the clinical observations that have been documented in HIV-infected people and emphasize the need for developing therapeutic approaches directed at improving the naive immune cell compartment"....HIV-1 infection in the young cohort was associated with lower absolute numbers of, and shorter telomere lengths within, both CD45RA+CD31+CD4+ and CD45RA+CD31-CD4+ T-cell subsets in comparison to age-matched seronegative controls, changes that resembled seronegative individuals who were decades older. Longitudinal analysis provided evidence of thymic emigration and reconstitution of CD45RA+CD31+CD4+ T-cells two years post-ART, but minimal reconstitution of the CD45RA+CD31-CD4+ subset, which could impair de novo immune responses

Role of CD8 T Cell Replicative Senescence in Human Aging and in HIV-mediated Immunosenescence - Review

Jeffrey N. Dock and Rita B. Effros Aging and Disease Volume 2, Number 5; 382-397, October 2011 Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA

Rita Effros in 2009: https://www.natap.org/2009/HIV/Effros-MucosalImmunity.pdf

our data suggest that HIV-1 pathogenesis involves an accelerated aging of both naive CD4+ T cells and memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells......Our results suggest that HIV-1 infection induces an accelerated aging of T lymphocytes, which is associated with the clinical progression to AIDS and death.

to retard the loss of immune function, strategies need to be developed specifically to prevent or reverse the accumulation of senescent cells or rejuvenate senescent T cells by repairing their functional defects. Therapeutic approaches, which have been proposed, include physically removing aged T cells to make room for the more functional earlier subsets and pharmaceutically enhancing telomerase to retard the shortening of telomere length....

"it is estimated that by 2015, more than 50% of all HIV-infected individuals in the U.S. will be older than 50 years of age [22]

ABSTRACT: As humans age, their immune systems undergo a process known as immunosenescence. This global aging of the immune system is associated with increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and cancer, reduced effectiveness of vaccination, increased autoimmune phenomena, and tissue damage due to dysregulated inflammation. One hallmark feature of immunosenescence is the accumulation of late-differentiated memory CD8 T cells with features of replicative senescence, such as inability to proliferate, absence of CD28 expression, shortened telomeres, loss of telomerase activity, and enhanced secretion of inflammatory cytokines. The proportion of senescent CD8 T cells increases progressively with age, and often consists of oligoclonal populations that are specific for cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigens. In addition, there is evidence that senescent memory CD8 T cells acquire suppressive functions and may also contribute to carcinogenesis. Chronic HIV disease, even when controlled through antiretroviral therapy (ART), is associated with accelerated immunosenescence, as evidenced by the higher numbers of senescent memory CD8 T cells and increased inflammatory milieu. Interestingly, even in HIV disease, a high proportion of late-differentiated, putatively senescent, memory CD8 T cells are specific for CMV antigens. As in age-related immunosenescence, these HIV-associated changes result in dysregulated immunity, chronic diseases linked to inflammatory damage, and increased morbidity and mortality. This review explores the evidence for CD8 T cell replicative senescence in vitro and in vivo, in the context of both chronological aging and HIV-mediated immunosenescence. We also highlight an important gap in our understanding of human immunosenescence, since all the studies to date have focused on peripheral blood, which contains a minority of the total body lymphocyte population.

HIV disease in relatively young cohorts is associated with changes in immune parameters that are remarkably similar to age-associated immune-senescence, including thymic involution, reduced circulating naïve T cells, decreased CD4/CD8 ratio, increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, increased susceptibility to infectious disease and cancer, and reduced effectiveness of vaccines [9]. Moreover, new evidence, based on telomere and phenotypic studies, indicates that it is not only the CD8 T cell population that undergoes premature aging during HIV disease, but also specific naïve CD4 T cell subpopulations.

Similar to aging, HIV disease is associated with relatively high levels of immune activation and systemic inflammation. Common biomarkers of this process include elevated levels of activated CD4 and CD8 T cells, high CD8 T cell counts, increased levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα, and activation of the coagulation pathway [9, 123]

Chronic HIV disease, even when controlled through antiretroviral therapy (ART), is associated with accelerated immunosenescence, as evidenced by the higher numbers of senescent memory CD8 T cells and increased inflammatory milieu. Interestingly, even in HIV disease, a high proportion of late-differentiated, putatively senescent, memory CD8 T cells are specific for CMV antigens. As in age-related immunosenescence, these HIV-associated changes result in dysregulated immunity, chronic diseases linked to inflammatory damage, and increased morbidity and mortality. .......

Antigen-driven differentiation towards the end stage of replicative senescence in CD8 T cells is an important component of both age- and HIV-mediated immunosenescence and the IRP. However, one important caveat regarding these observations is that most of our knowledge on immunosenescence in humans has been derived from studies on peripheral blood, which contains only 2% of total body lymphocytes. At this time, little is known about the dynamics of CD8 T cell aging in other tissues, especially the GI tract, which houses 60% of total body lymphocytes and is a major reservoir for HIV infection. As we move forward in defining the contribution of CD8 T cell replicative senescence to human immunosenescence, it will be critical to elucidate aging dynamics of lymphocytes in the GI tract. Our own preliminary studies suggest that T cells from the GI tract may be more antigen-experienced and further

HIV infection is generally believed to be causing "accelerated immunosenescence," due in large part to effects from chronic immune activation and inflammation.....HIV disease is known to cause a 3-fold higher risk of death from all-cause mortality [130]. As expected, approximately 50% of the deaths in HIV patients on ART were attributed to AIDS-defining conditions, such as opportunistic infections [131, 132]. However, the remaining deaths are due to non-AIDS defining age-related illnesses associated with inflammation, including cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, liver disease, osteoporosis, non-AIDS cancers, neurologic disease and frailty [132-139]. Corroborating these data, studies indicate an increase in inflammatory markers, such as CRP, in HIV infected patients is independently correlated with accelerated progression to AIDS and an increase all cause mortality [140-142]. For this reason HIV infection is generally believed to be causing "accelerated immunosenescence," due in large part to effects from chronic immune activation and inflammation [143].

[NetAddicted]

I first read that people with HIV were aging 14 years from HIV in 2015. I lost the link and could never find it again or more information. I thought that was suspicious. Who is hiding this important medical information? I just found this link, and it says medical scientists have known this since 2011 and done nothing about it. One thing I know: HIV infected should not donate blood!

[NetAddicted]

FYI: the article had lots of medical lingo I don’t understand.

[Mr. Lucky]

So, it’s almost as if the wages of sin are death. Who could have guessed?

[Diogenesis]

so now we KNOW why FauXi and CDC and Xi added
four (4) HIV segments to their Pangolin-spike
to which they also added portions of Hepatitis C.

and THAT is why they today
are forcing their poison on every newborn
before they are allowed home (NY).

[poinq]

It basically says that people who have HIV and use the standard ART cocktail are growing old faster. Or at least their immune system is.

Interestingly I can’t see this in my life. I know people with AIDS and I don’t see them growing old faster. In fact I know several in their 80s. So if this is happening it must be people like Magic Johnson who have had it for decades. But Magic seems to be doing well. He is around 62. And he looks fine. Remember a 6’9 black man is not supposed to live to 78 like the standard 5’ 10’’ male. Large people and black people and men die earlier.

[linedrive]

I don’t trust having to go to the hospital. My mother needs to give her own blood before a planned surgery due to clotting conditions. I don’t think that matters anymore. We are in the same position in medicine as in government, law enforcement, education - the corruption knows no bounds.

[daniel1212]

Added to the list:

Although only approximately 7% of adult and adolescent males reported having had male-to-male sexual contact at some point in their lives [9], 82% of HIV infections among males in 2018 were attributed to male-to-male sexual contact. (P. 7) 

Young gay and bisexual men accounted for 83% (6,385) of all new HIV diagnoses in people aged 13 to 24 in 2019, and 92% of HIV infections among men aged 13 to 24 was attributed to male-to-male sexual contact:

 

https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/images/group/age/youth/cdc-hiv-youth-sex-700x698.png  https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/images/group/gender/men/2020/cdc-hiv-men-diagnoses-bar-graph-700x318.png

 

In 2019, heterosexual men accounted for 7% of HIV diagnoses, and heterosexual women accounted for 16% of HIV diagnoses.

The largest percentage of HIV infections was attributed to male-to-male sexual contact (66% overall and 81% among males). .
 

Also according to the CDC (chart),

 

 in 2017  male to male sexual contact was the mode of transmission in 92% of new HIV cases among male youth aged 13 to 24, and  MSM  accounted for 81% of diagnoses among males  and 70%  of all new HIV diagnoses, and 2 out of every 3 diagnoses in the United States.  Which is despite only representing approximately 4% of the male population). 

And which practice (historically)  has resulted in a greatly increased incidence of other infectious diseases   and premature death.  (Even when their disease is well controlled, people with HIV can develop aging-related conditions such as cardiovascular disease, certain cancers, kidney and liver disease, osteoporosis, and cognitive impairment decades ahead of their HIV-negative counterparts, and their life expectancy is significantly reduced.) And which practice is primarily responsible for more than 700,000 people with AIDS having died (as of 2017) since the beginning of the epidemic  - HIV/AIDS has killed more than 700,000 people in the U.S. since 1981despite decades of attempting to tame it into being "safe."  (Worldwide, 77.3 million people have contracted HIV and 35.4 million have died of AIDS-related illnesses since the beginning of the pandemic in 1981 (https://health.usnews.com/conditions/hiv-aids/articles/hiv-statistics) 

 

Below has some redundant in case some links above do not work due to Blogger.com changes:

More.

God made man and women distinctively different yet uniquely compatible and complementary, and only joined them together in marriage - as the Lord Jesus Himself specified (Mt. 19:4–6) - and Scripture only condemns homosexual relations wherever they are manifestly dealt with.

Yet there is still room at the cross for all who will come to God in repentance and faith, and trust in the Divine Son of God sent by the Father, the risen Lord Jesus, to save them on His account, by His sinless shed blood, and thus be baptized and live for Him. Acts 10:36-47

[Parmy]

Ping

[ifinnegan]

Fauci’s first hysteria campaign. HIV will kill everyone. Everyone is at equal risk. Everyone must wear condon. Lesbians must use latex dams.

Fauci made his fortune and multi billion dollar fiefdom on Aids hysteria.

[Jane Long]

Thanks...for reminding all that HIV is added to the bioweapon CV-1984.

Likely all part of their plan....enhanced aging.

[Mr. Blond]

I guess I won’t be getting HIV then.

[NetAddicted]

Thank you for all this important and pertinent information. I still don’t know.why this info about HIV is so hard to find. This was the first article about HIV caused aging that said this factor causes the infected to die sooner.

[NetAddicted]

The first article about HIV caused aging said the infected were 14 years older chronologically. They get lots of diseases, like HIV-associated neurological dementia, cancers, kidney diseases, et al.
Are the HIV-infected in their 80s you know homosexual? I ran across a Poz.cm 2019 article that said homosexuals with HIV average died in their 60’s. Your friends are seriously out living the average. They should contact the doctors listed in article, because they said they need this information.

[daniel1212]

"Thank you for all this important and pertinent information. I still don’t know.why this info about HIV is so hard to find. This was the first article about HIV caused aging that said this factor causes the infected to die sooner."

It seems like the CDC has been making straightforward stats increasingly hard to find, while the first article about HIV caused aging was posted a week or so ago on FR.

[fwdude]

In those grouped categories you can rationally combine “male-to-male sexual contact” with “male-to-male and injection drug use.” The differentiation is a ruse to lessen the culpability of homosexual behavior.

[poinq]

I play bridge. I know many gay bridge players who are in their 80s. I don’t know what all their health issues are but they seem to be similar to those who are not HIV positive. I have a brother with MS. He thinks he is going to die young. But he is on drugs much like the HIV cocktail. And he seems fine as well. But he is about 60. I can’t say I know the numbers or what their health would be if they did not have their diseases or drugs. But I can’t see any difference between the middle class bridge playing HIV people and the regular middle class bridge players.

Its possible that a group of people who are not good at taking their meds would die early. And the people I know are able to keep up with their health. Depression, alcoholism, very low IQ might be enough to kill someone who requires a strict regiment of drug therapy like those on HIV.