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Modeling Civil Violence: An Agent-Based Computational Approach
The Brookings Institution ^ | January, 2001 | Joshua M. Epstein, John D. Steinbruner, Miles T. Parker

Posted on 03/13/2002 7:35:26 PM PST by the

Abstract

This working paper presents an agent-based computation model of civil
violence. We present two variants of the Civil Violence Model. In the first,
a central authority seeks to suppress decentralized rebellion. In the
second, a central authority seeks to suppress communal violence between
two warring ethnic groups.

 

Full Article as a .pdf file



TOPICS: Crime/Corruption; Culture/Society; Foreign Affairs; Government; Philosophy; Politics/Elections
KEYWORDS: banglist; civilviolence; donutwatch; ethniccleansing; incrementalism; peacekeepers; revolution
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Fascinating computational model of how civil violence erupts in a society. A surprisingly simple model yields great insight into how the structure of a society can seemingly tear asunder in a brief period of time.

This working paper also covers just how incrementalism allows governments to lose a great deal of legitimacy without provoking a revolution, so long as it does so in small enough steps.

I'll bump this to a few folks that might find it as fascinating as I did.

This truly is one of the most interesting things that I have read in the last 5 years.


1 posted on 03/13/2002 7:35:26 PM PST by the
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To: travis mcgee;harpseal;boston_liberty;Joe Brower;ctdonath2;agitator;CHICAGOFARMER
I don't like blindly bumping threads to individuals, but this piece is worth it.
2 posted on 03/13/2002 7:40:18 PM PST by the
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To: the
I am unable to access the site right now but will download tommorrow and get back to you.

Stay well - stay saf e- Stay armed - Yorktown

3 posted on 03/13/2002 7:57:39 PM PST by harpseal
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To: the
Please verify link.
4 posted on 03/13/2002 8:01:37 PM PST by toenail
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To: toenail
http://www.brook.edu/dybdocroot/es/dynamics/papers/cviolence/cviolence.htm is the link to the abstract page, which links to the full text as either a .pdf or a postscript file.

http://www.brook.edu/es/dynamics/papers/cviolence/cviolence.pdf is the link to the .pdf.

I verified the links by checking back through my browser history. I tried them both a moment ago and they appear to be down/slow right now.

Maybe my massive Freeper/Carnivore/Echelon following is chewing up all of the Brookings Institution's bandwidth right now. (Yeah, I wish!)

5 posted on 03/13/2002 8:15:13 PM PST by the
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To: toenail
Bad timing on my part...

C:\>ping www.brook.edu

Pinging www.brook.edu [208.243.20.130] with 32 bytes of data:

Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.

Ping statistics for 208.243.20.130:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum =  0ms, Average =  0ms

6 posted on 03/13/2002 8:31:38 PM PST by the
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To: the
Seriously, it sounds fascinating, and never hesitate to bump such finds to me. I am honored to be on your bump list.
7 posted on 03/13/2002 8:59:39 PM PST by Travis McGee
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To: the
I hope we can get at it: this sounds like cutting edge stuff, and very useful for folks "on both sides of the equation" to understand.
8 posted on 03/13/2002 9:01:21 PM PST by Travis McGee
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To: the
I tried to download this .pdf file and the download failed on me. I'll try again later. Are there any mirror sites for this report?
9 posted on 03/13/2002 9:21:43 PM PST by Billy_bob_bob
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Comment #10 Removed by Moderator

To: toenail
See #10 for links to a temporary mirror I set up.
11 posted on 03/14/2002 4:16:29 AM PST by the
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To: the
Computational analysis of civil unrest?


12 posted on 03/14/2002 6:13:30 AM PST by ctdonath2
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To: the; squantos; noumenon; SLB; Jeff Head; Nita Nupress; Joe Brower; bang_list; donut watch
Having now read the paper the most interesting fact is that it is from the Brookings Institution. This is the liberal think tank. The simple fact that they are studying this subject says volumes about the Liberal/Democrat desire to impose their will on the nation despite all opposition. The Cops to agent ratio is one of the determining factors in suroressing any revolt. I note that it was under WJC that the Federal Government began a program to increase the number of police on the street and inflate the number of armed federal agents.

The mindset behind this paper does not bode well for the USA. There are some possible flaws in their modeling for the decentralized revolution but I will not discuss them publicly yet.

In general one can explain a great deal of the Clinton adminstration's behavior if one presumes that they had read this paper.

In short this is a paper that

13 posted on 03/14/2002 6:40:25 AM PST by harpseal
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Comment #14 Removed by Moderator

To: the
Excellent work! Best "bump" I've had.

I see the makings of a really good video game...

15 posted on 03/14/2002 8:40:53 AM PST by ctdonath2
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To: Travis McGee
very useful for folks "on both sides of the equation" to understand.Paricularly useful for those writing books on the subject matter I would think. I ws particularly drawn to one thing about their modeling in that they presume non of the "cops" went over to the agents. historically this has almost always been a precondition to the success revolutions. The revolutionaries must always have some penetration of the Cops to succeed.

Stay well - Stay saf e- stay armed - Yorktown

16 posted on 03/14/2002 10:47:35 AM PST by harpseal
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To: harpseal
Very good point about "cops" becoming agents. In any human system every person is a potential agent, every person carries with them some level of gruntlement and some level of risk-taking. Armed bureaucrats are not automatons. There may be some bad apples in there, but they are not wholesale mindless, emotionless drones.

Liberals' lack of understanding on this point is part of what allows them to draw such bright lines between LEO's and "civilians". (Civilians quoted because I detest the use of the term to distinguish between civil functionaries, such as police, fire, beauracrats and politicians, from their employers.)

Another point that I found very enlightening in the paper: The need for tensions to build in large steps versus small ones to bring about a revolution.

Instant communication via modern means insures that almost any de-legitimizing action taken by government will be an incremental step since it will be covered from beginning to end. No one wakes up anymore to news that their government changed drastically overnight. Dropping out, cutting communication channels, removing forums, hiding leaders and limiting dissemination of incremental bad news might prime the pump for a revolution. Now all the world gets is constant complaining about how bad things are getting.

Wouldn't it be strange if instant communications wound up reducing the chance of a revolution?

The model points out the need for agents to bide their time in a decaying governmental legitimacy situation. Acting alone early on, once their individual tipping point is reached, makes an agent likely to be caught. Only when things have gotten bad enough to trigger many agents in a locale will the individual have a chance to hide in a revolution's crowd.

Obviously none of this is new. I find surprising how effective this simple model is at predicting large scale events. It seems to provide very well a model of the decline of several civilizations in history.


What are the marks of a sick culture?

It is a bad sign when the people of a country stop identifying themselves with the country and start identifying with a group. A racial group. Or a religion. Or a language. Anything, as long as it isn't the whole population.

A very bad sign. Particularism. It was once considered a Spanish vice but any country can fall sick with it. Dominance of males over females seems to be one of the symptoms.

Before a revolution can take place, the population must loose faith in both the police and the courts.

High taxation is important and so is inflation of the currency and the ratio of the productive to those on the public payroll. But that's old hat; everybody knows that a country is on the skids when its income and outgo get out of balance and stay that way - even though there are always endless attempts to wish it way by legislation. But I started looking for little signs and what some call silly-season symptoms.

I want to mention one of the obvious symptoms: Violence. Muggings. Sniping. Arson. Bombing. Terrorism of any sort. Riots of course - but I suspect that little incidents of violence, pecking way at people day after day, damage a culture even more than riots that flare up and then die down. Oh, conscription and slavery and arbitrary compulsion of all sorts and imprisonment without bail and without speedy trial - but those things are obvious; all the histories list them.

I think you have missed the most alarming symptom of all. This one I shall tell you. But go back and search for it. Examine it. Sick cultures show a complex of symptoms as you have named... But a dying culture invariably exhibits personal rudeness. Bad manners. Lack of consideration for others in minor matters. A loss of politeness, of gentle manners, is more significant than a riot.

This symptom is especially serious in that an individual displaying it never thinks of it as a sign of ill health but as proof of his/her strength.

--From Robert A. Heinlein's Friday

17 posted on 03/14/2002 12:13:25 PM PST by the
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To: the
TYPO in last post: "way" should be "away" in:

though there are always endless attempts to wish it away by legislation.

18 posted on 03/14/2002 12:16:48 PM PST by the
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To: harpseal
I wonder how applicable this study is from the generic to the US model.

It's those ten million scoped deer rifles again......

19 posted on 03/14/2002 2:34:04 PM PST by Travis McGee
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To: Travis McGee; harpseal
I wonder how applicable this study is from the generic to the US model.

The US presents some interesting complications to the models.

  1. Civilians who carry concealed: The model assumes the "cops" are visible to the "agents". The agent's life is more complicated when he has an unknown probability of being next to an armed civilian
  2. Agents assumed to be "arrested": an agent committing violence around an armed civilian has a chance of being shot dead rather than being arrested. This complicates the agent's computations
  3. Non-homogenity between sides in civil conflict: the model does not address the case where one side is more likely to erupt, but the other side is more heavily armed

20 posted on 03/14/2002 3:47:10 PM PST by SauronOfMordor
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