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The Facts of Life: Shattering the Myths of Darwinism. A Review.
New Statesman ^ | 28 August 1992 | Richard Dawkins

Posted on 07/03/2002 9:53:47 AM PDT by Tomalak

Every day I get letters, in capitals and obsessively underlined if not actually in green ink, from flat-earthers, young-earthers, perpetual-motion merchants, astrologers and other harmless fruitcakes. The only difference here is that Richard Milton managed to get his stuff published. The publisher - we don’t know how many decent publishers turned it down first - is called ‘Fourth Estate.’ Not a house that I had heard of, but apparently neither a vanity press nor a fundamentalist front. So, what are ‘Fourth Estate’ playing at? Would they publish - for this book is approximately as silly - a claim that the Romans never existed and the Latin language is a cunning Victorian fabrication to keep schoolmasters employed?

A cynic might note that there is a paying public out there, hungry for simple religious certitude, who will lap up anything with a subtitle like ‘Shattering the Myth of Darwinism.’ If the author pretends not to be religious himself, so much the better, for he can then be exhibited as an unbiased witness. There is - no doubt about it - a fast buck to be made by any publishers unscrupulous enough to print pseudoscience that they know is rubbish but for which there is a market.

But let’s not be so cynical. Mightn’t the publishers have an honourable defence? Perhaps this unqualified hack is a solitary genius, the only soldier in the entire platoon - nay, regiment - who is in step. Perhaps the world really did bounce into existence in 8000 BC. Perhaps the whole vast edifice of orthodox science really is totally and utterly off its trolley. (In the present case, it would have to be not just orthodox biology but physics, geology and cosmology too). How do we poor publishers know until we have printed the book and seen it panned?

If you find that plea persuasive, think again. It could be used to justify publishing literally anything; flat-earth, fairies, astrology, werewolves and all. It is true that an occasional lonely figure, originally written off as loony or at least wrong, has eventually been triumphantly vindicated (though not often a journalist like Richard Milton, it has to be said). But it is also true that a much larger number of people originally regarded as wrong really were wrong. To be worth publishing, a book must do a little more than just be out of step with the rest of the world.

But, the wretched publisher might plead, how are we, in our ignorance, to decide? Well, the first thing you might do - it might even pay you, given the current runaway success of some science books - is employ an editor with a smattering of scientific education. It needn’t be much: A-level Biology would have been ample to see off Richard Milton. At a more serious level, there are lots of smart young science graduates who would love a career in publishing (and their jacket blurbs would avoid egregious howlers like calling Darwinism the "idea that chance is the mechanism of evolution.") As a last resort you could even do what proper publishers do and send the stuff out to referees. After all, if you were offered a manuscript claiming that Tennyson wrote The Iliad, wouldn’t you consult somebody, say with an O-level in History, before rushing into print?

You might also glance for a second at the credentials of the author. If he is an unknown journalist, innocent of qualifications to write his book, you don’t have to reject it out of hand but you might be more than usually anxious to show it to referees who do have some credentials. Acceptance need not, of course, depend on the referees’ endorsing the author’s thesis: a serious dissenting opinion can deserve to be heard. But referees will save you the embarrassment of putting your imprint on twaddle that betrays, on almost every page, complete and total pig-ignorance of the subject at hand.

All qualified physicists, biologists, cosmologists and geologists agree, on the basis of massive, mutually corroborating evidence, that the earth’s age is at least four billion years. Richard Milton thinks it is only a few thousand years old, on the authority of various Creation ‘science’ sources including the notorious Henry Morris (Milton himself claims not to be religious, and he affects not to recognise the company he is keeping). The great Francis Crick (himself not averse to rocking boats) recently remarked that "anyone who believes that the earth is less than 10,000 years old needs psychiatric help." Yes yes, maybe Crick and the rest of us are all wrong and Milton, an untrained amateur with a ‘background’ as an engineer, will one day have the last laugh. Want a bet?

Milton misunderstands the first thing about natural selection. He thinks the phrase refers to selection among species. In fact, modern Darwinians agree with Darwin himself that natural selection chooses among individuals within species. Such a fundamental misunderstanding would be bound to have far-reaching consequences; and they duly make nonsense of several sections of the book.

In genetics, the word ‘recessive’ has a precise meaning, known to every school biologist. It means a gene whose effect is masked by another (dominant) gene at the same locus. Now it also happens that large stretches of chromosomes are inert - untranslated. This kind of inertness has not the smallest connection with the ‘recessive’ kind. Yet Milton manages the feat of confusing the two. Any slightly qualified referee would have picked up this clanger.

There are other errors from which any reader capable of thought would have saved this book. Stating correctly that Immanuel Velikovsky was ridiculed in his own time, Milton goes on to say "Today, only forty years later, a concept closely similar to Velikovsky’s is widely accepted by many geologists - that the major extinction at the end of the Cretaceous ... was caused by collison with a giant meteor or even asteroid." But the whole point of Velikovsky (indeed, the whole reason why Milton, with his eccentric views on the age of the earth, champions him) is that his collision was supposed to have happened recently; recently enough to explain Biblical catastrophes like Moses’s parting of the Red Sea. The geologists’ meteorite, on the other hand, is supposed to have impacted 65 million years ago! There is a difference - approximately 65 million years difference. If Velikovsky had placed his collision tens of millions of years ago he would not have been ridiculed. To represent him as a misjudged, wilderness-figure who has finally come into his own is either disingenuous or - more charitably and plausibly - stupid.

In these post-Leakey, post-Johanson days, creationist preachers are having to learn that there is no mileage in ‘missing links.’ Far from being missing, the fossil links between modern humans and our ape ancestors now constitute an elegantly continuous series. Richard Milton, however, still hasn’t got the message. For him, "...the only ‘missing link’ so far discovered remains the bogus Piltdown Man." Australopithecus, correctly described as a human body with an ape’s head, doesn’t qualify because it is ‘really’ an ape. And Homo habilis - ‘handy man’ - which has a brain "perhaps only half the size of the average modern human’s" is ruled out from the other side: "... the fact remains that handy man is a human - not a missing link." One is left wondering what a fossil has to do - what more could a fossil do - to qualify as a ‘missing link’?

No matter how continuous a fossil series may be, the conventions of zoological nomenclature will always impose discontinuous names. At present, there are only two generic names to spread over all the hominids. The more ape-like ones are shoved into the genus Australopithecus; the more human ones into the genus Homo. Intermediates are saddled with one name or the other. This would still be true if the series were as smoothly continuous as you can possibly imagine. So, when Milton says, of Johanson’s ‘Lucy’ and associated fossils, "the finds have been referred to either Australopithecus and hence are apes, or Homo and hence are human," he is saying something (rather dull) about naming conventions, nothing at all about the real world.

But this is a more sophisticated criticism than Milton’s book deserves. The only serious question raised by its publication is why. As for would-be purchasers, if you want this sort of silly-season drivel you’d be better off with a couple of Jehovah’s Witness tracts. They are more amusing to read, they have rather sweet pictures, and they put their religious cards on the table.


TOPICS: Culture/Society; Editorial; United Kingdom
KEYWORDS: bigotry; charlesdarwin; creationism; crevolist; darwin; darwinism; dawkins; evolution; intelligentdesign; milton; richarddawkins; richardmilton
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To: Khepera
I'm sorry I forgot, you may not be there. Well if you're not there then this will not be the experience you have.

Your self-righteous attitude is making me sick. Remove the beam from your eyes.
321 posted on 07/04/2002 10:06:07 AM PDT by Blowtorch
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To: Elsie
Really? I'm sure you could give an example of discrepencies...
322 posted on 07/04/2002 10:36:01 AM PDT by Dimensio
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To: Elsie
Random? No. Useless? Well...your appendix?
323 posted on 07/04/2002 10:36:28 AM PDT by Dimensio
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To: Blowtorch
Whats the matter. Don't like what I say? Gee whiz... get a life.
324 posted on 07/04/2002 10:41:52 AM PDT by Khepera
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To: Elsie
The way the real story goes...

miraculously all the pure blood goes to the saved and all the bad blood is put in the donor to be fried-eradicated in hell---

then the resurrection/eternity...

"it is finished"

325 posted on 07/04/2002 10:48:20 AM PDT by f.Christian
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To: Physicist
You said: I do realize that many Christian churches do teach the doctrine of original sin, and also the interpretation that Adam's sin was what made man mortal, even though that contradicts the notion that eating of the Tree of Life would confer immortality.

If I may interject, Genesis chapters 2 and 3 speak of two trees being in the center of the Garden of Eden. The fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil is what Adam and Eve ate and they were banished so that they would not eat from the other tree, which is the tree of life (Genesis 2:9) Notably, the tree of life is in the center of paradise (Rev 2:7)

Since other things of great importance exist both in the spiritual realm and the natural realm in the Scriptures (ark, temple, etc.) – it appears to me that Eden and Paradise are one and the same (spiritual realm) and that Adam was banished to the natural realm (death, decay, etc.) I believe this understanding would be consistent with this Jewish teaching: Physics & Kabbalah - Unifying Two Worlds

Just my two cents…

326 posted on 07/04/2002 10:52:39 AM PDT by Alamo-Girl
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To: Physicist
bttt
327 posted on 07/04/2002 10:53:21 AM PDT by RadioAstronomer
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To: chemainus
The only source of truth I need to read is the Bible. I'm not locked into any dark room. It may be you who is walking in darkness but how would you know? Why would you look for truth in mans words when you have the word of God to look to?
328 posted on 07/04/2002 10:59:44 AM PDT by Khepera
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To: Khepera
I believe what I say is true because God told me the truth. I will act on that and ignore any heathens who wish to argue foe what do they know but the smell of their own flatulance.

I believe what I say is true because my beliefs have basis in reality and not on an alleged conversation with "god" (which god?) and a pathetic crutch that keeps you from accepting that there's no life but what we have right now and that everything you wasted your life on up until now is fake, created by man and for man.

329 posted on 07/04/2002 11:11:56 AM PDT by JediGirl
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To: f.Christian
green eggs and

HAM

I do not LIKE them F.christian

ring around the roses


330 posted on 07/04/2002 11:21:28 AM PDT by JediGirl
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To: beckett
and my remarks about the document he signed don't qualify as ad hominem at all

Oh damn, you're right - your remarks were a well reasoned argument against his ideas on evolution! My bad.

331 posted on 07/04/2002 11:33:30 AM PDT by edsheppa
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To: edsheppa
Oh damn, you're right - your remarks were a well reasoned argument against his ideas on evolution! My bad.

I don't dispute much of his evolutionary theory, with the exception of his wholly unfounded and untestable claims about 'random chance.' Despite having said the following, when it suits him he declares that the world is full of evil, all of it found among people of faith.

"In a universe of blind physical forces and genetic replication, some people are going to get hurt, other people are going to get lucky, and you won't find any rhyme or reason in it, nor any justice. The universe we observe has precisely the properties we should expect if there is, at bottom, no design, no purpose, no evil and no good, nothing but blind, pitiless indifference."

Richard Dawkins, River Out of Eden, p 133

Dawkins regularly makes claims about the universe that he can't prove, from memes to "blind pitiless indifference." As Marion Montgomery has said, "he presumes an absolute comprehension of the nature of man. Thus he becomes an excellent illustration of what I shall call the provincial mind. Alas, his is an intellectual malady conspicuous among our intelligentsia: the modernist mind presuming intellectual autonomy beyond limit."

We are not as smart and you and Dawkins and the other "provincial minds" on these threads think we are.

332 posted on 07/04/2002 11:52:23 AM PDT by beckett
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To: edsheppa
As for the document Dawkins signed --- an anti-American document masquerading as an anti-Israel document --- how does that qualify as ad hominem?

Is it ad hominem to point out a man's deliberate actions?

333 posted on 07/04/2002 11:56:23 AM PDT by beckett
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To: JediGirl
I could say all the same things about you.
334 posted on 07/04/2002 12:00:24 PM PDT by Khepera
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To: Khepera
That's a very intelligent and insightful response.
335 posted on 07/04/2002 12:25:35 PM PDT by JediGirl
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To: beckett
We are not as smart and you and Dawkins and the other "provincial minds" on these threads think we are.

I must come to edsheppa's defense on that claim. I know that is very true of others, but my dealings with edsheppa do not have any evidence of such attitudes.

336 posted on 07/04/2002 12:51:53 PM PDT by AndrewC
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To: AndrewC; edsheppa
I must come to edsheppa's defense on that claim. I know that is very true of others, but my dealings with edsheppa do not have any evidence of such attitudes

All I know about him I learned from my contact today, since we have not communicated before and I am unfamiliar with his posts. If he is not among the callow confident on these threads, I welcome the news. But he might find it useful, before he goes defending Dawkins and criticizing those who attack him, to read more of Dawkins' work to learn just who the man is --- a man of the most irksome smug, pompous and snotty self-assurance, in a style only the British have mastered, who very much fits Montgomery's definition of a "provincial mind." Men like Dawkins and Dennett limit their worldviews to phenomenological simplicities and dazzle the easily impressed by rolling arcane, and, in the end, not very interesting, data about biophysics, biochemistry and geology, all the while ignoring the 800 pound ontological gorilla in the middle of the laboratory. They dare not address questions of being --- the only questions that really count --- because they know those questions are just as mysterious and confounding in a post-einsteinian universe are they were in a pre-socratic one.

337 posted on 07/04/2002 1:32:46 PM PDT by beckett
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To: beckett
You get no argument from me on the others.
338 posted on 07/04/2002 2:01:03 PM PDT by AndrewC
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To: JediGirl
I believe what I say is true because my beliefs have basis in reality and not on an alleged conversation with "god" (which god?) and a pathetic crutch that keeps you from accepting that there's no life but what we have right now and that everything you wasted your life on up until now is fake, created by man and for man.

329 posted on 7/4/02 11:11 AM Pacific by JediGirl

fake, created by man and for man...yeah---evolution IDEOLOGY!

Creation/God...Christianity---secular-govt.-humanism!

Originally the word liberal meant social conservatives(no govt religion--none) who advocated growth and progress---mostly technological(knowledge being absolute/unchanging)based on law--reality... UNDER GOD---the nature of GOD/man/govt. does not change. These were the Classical liberals...founding fathers-PRINCIPLES---stable/SANE scientific reality/society---industrial progress...moral/social character-values GROWTH!

Evolution...Atheism-dehumanism---TYRANNY...

Then came the post-modern age of switch-flip-spin-DEFORMITY-cancer...Atheist secular materialists through ATHEISM/evolution CHANGED-REMOVED the foundations...demolished the wall(separation of state/religion)--trampled the TRUTH-GOD...built a satanic temple/SWAMP-MALARIA/RELIGION(cult of darwin-marx-satan) over them---made these absolutes subordinate--relative and calling all the residuals---technology/science === evolution to substantiate/justify their efforts--claims...social engineering--PC--atheism...anti-God/Truth RELIGION--crusade/WAR--INTOLERANCE/TYRANNY(govt.-schools/'science')...against God--man--society!!

339 posted on 07/04/2002 2:09:15 PM PDT by f.Christian
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To: JediGirl
Evolution is a dirty needle...the infected---AIDS!



340 posted on 07/04/2002 3:27:36 PM PDT by f.Christian
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