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An Impact Event in 3114BC? The beginning of a Turbulent Millennium.
http://personal.eunet.fi/pp/tilmari/tilmari3.htm#bc3114 ^

Posted on 01/03/2003 8:06:06 PM PST by ckilmer

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Keelblocks for a large round craft.
41 posted on 02/16/2004 9:14:02 PM PST by Consort
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Just updating the GGG information, not sending a general distribution.
Please FREEPMAIL me if you want on, off, or alter the "Gods, Graves, Glyphs" PING list --
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42 posted on 05/18/2005 6:26:00 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (FR profiled updated Tuesday, May 10, 2005. Fewer graphics, faster loading.)
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Catastrophism

43 posted on 03/26/2006 8:12:54 PM PST by SunkenCiv (Yes indeed, Civ updated his profile and links pages again, on Monday, March 6, 2006.)
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Astronomy & Geophysics
Volume 45 Issue 1 Page 1.23 - February 2004
doi:10.1046/j.1468-4004.2003.45123.x
Volume 45 Issue 1

Comet impact
A comet impact in AD 536?
Emma Rigby1, Melissa Symonds2 and Derek Ward-Thompson2

Emma Rigby, Melissa Symonds and Derek Ward-Thompson review the evidence for the possibility that a comet may have impacted the Earth in historical times, and discuss the size of the putative comet.

Abstract

A global climatic downturn has previously been observed in tree-ring data associated with the years AD 536–545. We review the evidence for the explanation of this event which involves a comet fragment impacting the Earth and exploding in the upper atmosphere. The explosion would create a plume, such as was seen during the impact of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter. The resulting debris deposited by the plume on to the top of the atmosphere would increase the opacity and lower the temperature. We calculate the size of the comet required, and find that a relatively small fragment of only about half a kilometre in diameter could be consistent with the data. We conclude that plume formation is a by-product of small comet impacts that must be added to the list of significant global hazards posed by near-Earth objects.

Article published online 28 Jan 2004

Affiliations

1Cardiff University, UK (now at Edinburgh University, UK)2Cardiff University

The authors thank Mike Baillie, Mark Bailey, Martin Johnson, Ted Johnson-South and David Williams for interesting and helpful discussions.

To cite this article
Rigby, Emma, Symonds, Melissa & Ward-Thompson, Derek (2004)
A comet impact in AD 536?.
Astronomy & Geophysics 45 (1), 1.23-1.26.
doi: 10.1046/
j.1468-4004.2003.45123.x

Blackwell Synergy® is a Blackwell Publishing, Inc. registered trademark

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44 posted on 01/11/2007 9:18:44 AM PST by SunkenCiv ("I've learned to live with not knowing." -- Richard Feynman https://secure.freerepublic.com/donate/)
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To: ckilmer

major boloid ping


45 posted on 11/24/2007 1:16:58 PM PST by gleeaikin
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To: ckilmer

bookmark


46 posted on 11/24/2007 1:24:09 PM PST by GiovannaNicoletta
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Catastrophism
 
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47 posted on 03/20/2009 7:56:49 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (https://secure.freerepublic.com/donate/____________________ Profile updated Monday, January 12, 2009)
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48 posted on 03/20/2009 7:57:05 PM PDT by SunkenCiv (https://secure.freerepublic.com/donate/____________________ Profile updated Monday, January 12, 2009)
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To: ckilmer

The likelihood of the observations of an amateur being taken seriously by the academic community are inversely proportional to the significance of those observations. So that a really big idea that changes things has about as much chance of being heard as a mouse breaking wind in a hurricane.

But the causes of the Mega-faunal extinctions of the Younger Dryas need not be such a mystery. The Younger Dryas impact events sterilized half the continent, compromised the food chain of the other half, and the rest of the northern hemisphere as well. The species that survived were the adaptable ones. And the ones that didn’t need so much to eat.

The blast effected materials of the event are clear, and obvious, in high res satellite images. But the academic community is in denial. Because those blast effected materials fly in the face of almost all of the untested assumptions of standard, gradualist landform theory. And they are destined to change almost all of standard impact science as well. There is nothing in it for the creation myths though. Because the true story the actual motions of those blast effected materials tells makes the most frightening biblical disaster, or catastrophe, sound like a children’s fairy tale by comparison.

The truth is that our planet is orbiting in the same shooting gallery as the rest of the planets. And our atmosphere is about as much protection as a silk nighty in a firefight. The most violent natural disaster in 65 million years was only a few thousand years ago. And except for a few prospectors looking for money rocks its blast effected materials are almost completely unstudied.

I never thought such skills would ever have a civilian application. But those in this world who have a handle on doing blast analysis, and bomb damage assessment from aerial surveillance photos will take to this like a duck takes to water. Because the motions, and fluid mechanics of the actual blast effected materials of the YD impacts are as easy to read as following spilled paint back to the can. http://sites.google.com/site/dragonstormproject/Home


49 posted on 01/16/2010 1:57:56 PM PST by DragonHunter (Planetary scaring of the Younger Dryas impacts)
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To: DragonHunter

Because the motions, and fluid mechanics of the actual blast effected materials of the YD impacts are as easy to read as following spilled paint back to the can. http://sites.google.com/site/dragonstormproject/Home
...........
Some of the pictures looked right. The big over head of west texas and norther mexico shows some black burnt places. I think people have always thought these black burnt places were volcanic in origin. You’re saying these were all extra terrestrial in origin and relatively recent.

There were a couple close ups of burnt black mountains with the splash zones around them that made your point pretty well.

There were other pictures that my untrained eye didn’t recognize as being impact areas. These were areas that didn’t have the black burnt appearance but rather some vague change of white to grey brown.

Were these older splash zones? well whatever....— even if I knew that — these flat landed whiter places don’t do a good job of making the case for the splash zones.

it would be surprising if these kinds of splash zones only started happening within the last 10-20 thousand years. if they are splash zones it would make more sense that they should be characteristic of earth impacts from the beginning. if that’s the case then how did animals get big? unless of course we’re in a period characteristic of the K-T boundary people.

I sure hope that latter is not the case.


50 posted on 01/16/2010 6:57:25 PM PST by ckilmer (Phi)
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To: ckilmer

I hope it’s not too late to post an update.

The ‘Google Sites’ platform that I wrote The DragonStorm Project on wasn’t flexible enough. So I’ve been putting most of my work into a WordPress blog page Called ‘A Catastrophe of Comets’. http://craterhunter.wordpress.com/

For the past half decade, scientists like R.B. Firestone et al, D. J. Kennett et al, and others studying the stratigraphy of the Younger Dryas Boundary layer at various locations all over North America where the YDB is exposed, have been finding the same thing. And publishing the same result; extraterrestrial nanodiamonds in the Younger Dryas Boundary layer.

Meanwhile, other groups, most notably, Surovell et al, and Daulton et al, sampling slightly different locations, and materials in the strata, and using different protocols, set out to challenge those works, and got a different result. They failed to find nanodiamonds. No surprises there folks. Neither of them sampled the same sedimentary materials as the studies they were challenging. And neither of those studies replicated the same sample collection, and preparation, protocols as the originals either. The fact they didn’t duplicate the experiment, is the simple reason they didn’t duplicate the result.

And then Andrei V. Kurbatov et al. went to Greenland, and sampled ice from the layer that corresponds to the YDB. And darned if they didn’t find nanodiamonds again; a lot of them this time. They collected enough data, and performed enough tests, to settle the question of nanodiamonds in the Younger Dryas boundary layer once and for all.

Extra Terestrial nanodiamonds do indeed exist in the Younger Dryas Boundary layer. ‘Nuff said.

So we have teams of first rate scientists reporting multiple lines of evidence of a major extinction level impact event that devastated North America. The thing that has been missing from the YD impact hypothesis all along is verifiable planetary scarring. And from the beginning, the rallying cry of opponents to the impact hypothesis was “where’s the crater?”.

But it’s not just the Earth sciences that were finding evidence of a major cosmic catastrophe. The astronomers also have something to say. In W.M. Napier’s ‘Paleolithic extinctions, and the Taurid Complex’, Professor Napier assures us that, in the progenitor of the Taurid complex, we have a very convincing astronomical model.

There is compelling evidence that we are talking about the impact showers of a very large, heavily fragmented, comet. And that the total mass of all of the fragments that impacted that day was somewhere on the order of 1.1 billion tons. It was most likely already completely broken up well before it hit. And tidal forces had stretched the debris in long streams of particles, and fragments, along the orbital path of the Taurids. If you can describe a beast, you can predict its footprints.

With Professor Napier joining the fray, the YD impact hypothesis has become a fully fledged theory that can successfully describe the planetary scarring. And it isn’t craters.

Only those fragments on the leading edge of such a cluster, or stream of fragments, should be expected to fall into cold atmosphere. The rest are going to fall into already superheated impact plasma. And they just crank up the heat, and pressure. Enough heat, and pressure to make stone flow like water in a storm.

Extraordinary hypotheses require extraordinary proofs. If we spread that 1.1 billion tons out into a debris stream of more than ten thousand Tunguska class airbursts in a little over an hour. And 100% of the kinetic energy of the fragments is translated to heat, and pressure in the atmosphere, we may not see cratering, but we should still expect to see substantial planetary scarring from the heat, and overpressures, of the blasts.

We are describing atmospheric pressures, and temperatures directed downwards at the ground, that were hot enough to melt stone, and make it flow like water in a storm. So, to fit the numbers given so far, our extraordinary proof needs to be something like a few hundred thousand cubic miles of fairly pristine, blast effected materials.

We need to be able to show where whole mountain ranges were blown aside, like clumps of flour on a bakers table in some places. And in still other locations the terrains would have been flash melted like butter under a blowtorch. And blown away by the supersonic gusts of the impact plasma storm, into rivers of melt like pyroclastic flows.

But, these flows will be different. Unlike the gravity driven density currents from a Plinean volcanic eruption, that are pulled down a slope after an ash column collapses, after being ablated from the original surfaces, our geo-ablative airburst melt would have been driven from behind by atmospheric pressure, like the debris laden froth, and foam, on a storm tossed beach. And when you look behind them you won’t find any volcanic vent, or supergiant magma chamber.

The predicted nature of the beast, and it’s footprints, brings us to a conundrum in the Earth sciences. Since the 19th century, they have been founded on unquestioned assumption that the present is the key to understanding the past. It isn’t in this case. And there is nothing in written history to compare to.

It has also been assumed that the only possible source of enough heat to melt the rocks of the Earth is terrestrial volcanism. And the only possible motive force for pyroclastic density current is assumed to be gravity pulling the flow down a slope.

The very idea that such conditions can be atmospheric at times is inconcievable from any unquestioned, 19th century, uniformitarian viewpoint.

So, If our hundreds of thousands of cubic miles of wind driven rivers of flash melted stone do exist, we fully expect they have already been misidentified as volcanic tuff. The age may have been overestimated by orders of magnitude. But they should be in very good condition, exposed, and undisturbed, on the surface after only 12,900 years.

The truth is written in stone. And in exquisite detail.

In fact, those blast effected materials do exist. And they are all present, and accounted for, in pristine condition, as if they only just cooled last year. It goes to fluid mechanics. And explosive blast analysis. If you want to understand an explosive event after the fact, you should first look to the emplacement motions of the blast effected materials. Here in the 21st century, the resolution of image data available at the click of a mouse, for most of the continent is 1 meter per pixel or better. And we can confidently assign a directional vector to any given fragment of airburst impact melt. The materials of the primary impact zone are in good enough to read their fluid motions at the time of emplacement like a choreographic dance chart.

Using Sandia Labs Red Storm supercomputer, Mark Boslough’s simulations of airburst impact events are amazing to say the least. Especially since geo-ablative planetary scarring can be identified that is a perfect match.

As a matter of fact, since the blast effected materials in the primary impact zone are still in almost perfectly pristine condition, we can positively identify all of the planetary scarring of the YD impact event by visual cues alone.

I’ve prepared a little demonstration. For example:

At 29.674596, -105.647853 the material in ejecta curtain was moving to the southeast at the moment of emplacement.
At 30.002339, -105.516817 the ejecta was blown to the northwest.
At 30.169779, -105.648639 the ejecta was blown to the west. About 3.5 miles away, at 30.173885, -105.589431, and on the opposite side of the airburst impact vortex, the ejecta curtain was blown to the east. This is a common type of structure. The central peak is a post impact rebound of the surface up into the center of the impact vortex.

At 29.327291 -104.207709 the completely melted ejecta from The Benavides Impact Structure had been airborne for more than ten miles. The ejecta was carried more than ten miles downwind to the northwest, by the powerful winds of the impact storm. See for yourself, look closely at that location, The material in that splash consists 100% of pristine impact ejecta, mega-breccias, and impact melt.

At 29.024577, -103.917056, on the other side of the 17 Mile wide explosion that produced it, you will find that the ejecta was met head-on by the powerful winds of the impact storm. It was stopped at the edge of the detonation shock wave. And it piled up into a mountain of mega-breccias, and impact melt, more than 800 feet high. (Only impact events make mega-breccias. And only giant impact events make mountains of them)

That same explosion also lofted a 100 meter wide impactite more than 80 kilometers. It landed in the still soft, but no longer moving, impact melt at 28.174660, 103,974744. Its momentum kept it plowing through the melt for another ten miles to the southwest.

The foundation of this extraordinary impact theory is based on the empirical fact that, with modern, 21st century image data, we can read the, directionality of the emplacement motions of all that melt with such accuracy, that the materials can be read like a choreographic dance chart.
And since since we can accurately determine the directionality of the airburst impact melt from the event to a resolution of better than 1 meter per pixel, the fledgling science of Fluid Mechanics has the trump card.

If we turn on Google Earth, and we zoom in on any given location the impact zone where we can positively identify the direction of flow of the wind driven pyroclastic density currents, assigning directional vectors as we go. Each square meter can be treated as 1 byte of directional data to build a motion map in this way. A fluid motion map like that of only a megabyte, or so, reveals the truth. And a gigabyte describes something too terrible for words.

But conceptually, we can go a little bit further. If each byte of directional data is thought of as one character of text in a written language of motion. Then the Mexican impact zone becomes a kind of ‘Rosetta Stone’ for learning to read a language in which the empirically true, geo-history of the world is recorded in intricate, mind boggling, detail. And that’s the big rub.

The geo-history, and geomorphology, that language of rocks in fluid motion describes, has almost no resemblance to the standard model.

The simulations only describe single bolide events. The astronomical model of the Taurids, and the easily identifiable, and clearly legible, blast effected materials of the impact zones, describe clusters of thousands of them each.

There is no such animal as an ‘expert’ in an infant science. But perhaps our ‘Impact Experts’ might do well to consider what happens in a giant multiple fragment, geo-ablative airburst storm where objects are falling into the already superheated impact plumes of fragments which have already fallen.

So, to some it up. The Chihuahuan “Ignimbrites” are not ignimbrite at all. They are more than 350,000 cubic miles of pristine geo-ablative airburst melt. And since they are in perfect condition, undisturbed on the surface, as the pristine capstone of the terrains there, we can toss the silly assumption of 25 million years old down the tubes too.

Look closely folks. Thanks to 21st century satellite images, we can read their emplacement event like a dance chart. The primary impact zone of the debris streams of the Taurid progenitor is central Mexico.

Dennis Cox
http://craterhunter.wordpress.com/


51 posted on 09/27/2010 9:57:05 AM PDT by DragonHunter (Planetary scaring of the Younger Dryas impacts)
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