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WHAT IS FASCISM?
Public Eye ^ | 1995 | Matthew Lyons

Posted on 4/23/2003, 4:35:53 PM by Chancellor Palpatine

Fascism is a form of extreme right-wing ideology that celebrates the nation or the race as an organic community transcending all other loyalties. It emphasizes a myth of national or racial rebirth after a period of decline or destruction. To this end, fascism calls for a "spiritual revolution" against signs of moral decay such as individualism and materialism, and seeks to purge "alien" forces and groups that threaten the organic community. Fascism tends to celebrate masculinity, youth, mystical unity, and the regenerative power of violence. Often, but not always, it promotes racial superiority doctrines, ethnic persecution, imperialist expansion, and genocide. At the same time, fascists may embrace a form of internationalism based on either racial or ideological solidarity across national boundaries. Usually fascism espouses open male supremacy, though sometimes it may also promote female solidarity and new opportunities for women of the privileged nation or race.

Fascism's approach to politics is both populist--in that it seeks to activate "the people" as a whole against perceived oppressors or enemies--and elitist--in that it treats the people's will as embodied in a select group, or often one supreme leader, from whom authority proceeds downward. Fascism seeks to organize a cadre-led mass movement in a drive to seize state power. It seeks to forcibly subordinate all spheres of society to its ideological vision of organic community, usually through a totalitarian state. Both as a movement and a regime, fascism uses mass organizations as a system of integration and control, and uses organized violence to suppress opposition, although the scale of violence varies widely.

Fascism is hostile to Marxism, liberalism, and conservatism, yet it borrows concepts and practices from all three. Fascism rejects the principles of class struggle and workers' internationalism as threats to national or racial unity, yet it often exploits real grievances against capitalists and landowners through ethnic scapegoating or radical-sounding conspiracy theories. Fascism rejects the liberal doctrines of individual autonomy and rights, political pluralism, and representative government, yet it advocates broad popular participation in politics and may use parliamentary channels in its drive to power. Its vision of a "new order" clashes with the conservative attachment to tradition-based institutions and hierarchies, yet fascism often romanticizes the past as inspiration for national rebirth.

Fascism has a complex relationship with established elites and the non-fascist right. It is never a mere puppet of the ruling class, but an autonomous movement with its own social base. In practice, fascism defends capitalism against instability and the left, but also pursues an agenda that sometimes clashes with capitalist interests in significant ways. There has been much cooperation, competition, and interaction between fascism and other sections of the right, producing various hybrid movements and regimes.


TOPICS: Constitution/Conservatism; Culture/Society; Miscellaneous
KEYWORDS: buchanan; fascism; paleocons
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Interesting that these are pretty much the same values and ideals claimed by the paleocon left. Considering that the site that this material is left wing, I looked for other definitions of fascism out there.

Merriam Webster defines it thusly:1. often capitalized : a political philosophy, movement, or regime (as that of the Fascisti) that exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition

This was something from a noxious fascist apologetics site:

The charge that Fascism was coercive is one of those tragic misconceptions which only serves to illustrate the hatred and bitterness of those who despise the heroic and the visionary. The prattle about "dictatorship" emanates from people who prefer the cataleptic inertia of social democracy in contrast to the dynamic will to action of the Fascist temperament. The term "dictatorship" is not always synonymous with coercion. By his use of the word "dictatorship" Mosley interpreted this as "leadership" and in the nineteen thirties he explained, "Fascism is not dictatorship in the old sense of that word, which implies government against the will of the people. Fascism is dictatorship in the modern sense of the word, which implies government armed by the people with power to solve problems which the people are determined to overcome'. In order to function and work Fascism depended on the will of the people; without that will there would be no Organic Nation. In this context Fascism deviated from Left Socialism in that the essence of Fascist action was based on leadership and initiative and, in practice, was seen to be the leadership of the people with their popular consent. It had nothing to do with the stifling controls of Socialism in this respect, rather Fascism tended to lead and only intervene when any section threatened the interests of the organic whole.

The tragedy of Fascism was that it was not given a chance to blossom. A second disastrous war with all the hysteria and propaganda blurred a lot of the truth. Fascism should be remembered for its dynamism, its heroism and its vision during a time when something new was desperately needed to save man from self destruction. Fascism faced the facts of the pre-war world; and now we face the facts of a world which has changed so rapidly. What new force for the future can inspire hope in the same way that Fascism did so many years ago?

1 posted on 4/23/2003, 4:35:53 PM by Chancellor Palpatine
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To: Chancellor Palpatine
read later
2 posted on 4/23/2003, 4:43:28 PM by LiteKeeper
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To: Chancellor Palpatine
"Fascism" has almost nothing to do with "right wing" except that it promotes the interest of one's nationality or tribe over others.

Otherwise, Fascism and Communism have almost nothing to differentiate them.
3 posted on 4/23/2003, 4:46:34 PM by Illbay
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To: Chancellor Palpatine
Fascism is also what you get when the economy is so bad that the small investor cannot/doesn't invest anymore, and the fed govt has to bail out large corporations and airlines...thus making the fed govt the essentially the biggest shareholder.
4 posted on 4/23/2003, 4:46:55 PM by stuartcr
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To: Chancellor Palpatine
I don't get it.  If fascism is a by-product of the extreme right, why have most of the world's prominent fascist States began socialist?

 

5 posted on 4/23/2003, 4:52:14 PM by Psycho_Bunny
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To: Chancellor Palpatine
Fascism is a form of extreme right-wing ideology that calls for a "spiritual revolution" against signs of moral decay such as individualism and materialism

Right-wing, yet opposed to individualism and materialism?? It's the Left-wing that believes in class identity and which focuses on non-material wishes and desires for a future utopia.

Most famous Fascist: Adolf Hitler, leader of German National Socialism. You know, the German Workers Party. Right-wing? Don't think so.

6 posted on 4/23/2003, 4:55:43 PM by ClearCase_guy
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To: Chancellor Palpatine
Counselor Palp:

Fascism bad....
[Socialsm good]


So, my boyo, what else is neo on your side of the fence today?
7 posted on 4/23/2003, 4:56:02 PM by tpaine (Really, I'm trying to be a 'decent human being', but me flesh is weak.)
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To: Chancellor Palpatine
"Fascism: a system of government that exercises a dictatorship of the extreme right, typically through the merging of state and business leadership, together with belligerent nationalism."
American Heritage Dictionary (an older edition)

I like this definition, although I guess it is dependent on what you define as the extreme right. The powers that be would define the paleos as extreme today, I tend to disagree.
8 posted on 4/23/2003, 4:57:49 PM by steve50 (neocons, the "new coke" of conservatives)
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To: Chancellor Palpatine
Mentioning fascism without mentioning that it is a form of socialism is a white-wash of both.
9 posted on 4/23/2003, 4:58:52 PM by WOSG (All Hail The Free Republic of Iraq! God Bless our Troops!)
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To: Psycho_Bunny
Even Hitler's party was actually a pure Socialist party, but they shaded their 'marketing' a bit to get funding from some industrialists. The scam worked.

Mussolini was a Communist in younger days too. It is a simple equation:

Fascism = socialism + nationalism.

Baathism = socialism + pan-Arab nationalism.

... and now you know where saddam was coming from.
10 posted on 4/23/2003, 5:02:15 PM by WOSG (All Hail The Free Republic of Iraq! God Bless our Troops!)
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To: Psycho_Bunny; Poohbah; hchutch; wimpycat; Howlin
Because it is a melded ideology.

Look at the things that Pat Buchanan says - one minute he is talking out of the farthest left hand corners of his mouth on protectionism for unions, and the next minute, he is talking out of the farthest right hand corners of his mouth on issues of culture. Meanwhile, he is utterly consistent on a few issues only. First, he has utter disdain and scorn for normal conservatives and their views of economic expansion and the preservation of a peaceful atmosphere for trade - especially when they turn out to be successful and correct. Second, he identifies his main scapegoats - Hispanic immigrants and Jews, blaming them for all social ills. To listen to him, you get the consistent message that no normal white guy would follow a neocon line were it not for the manipulation by "those groups". Finally, he idealizes Northern European heritage and culture among all others.

11 posted on 4/23/2003, 5:02:52 PM by Chancellor Palpatine
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To: Chancellor Palpatine
Corporatism-Socialism for the bourgeois
12 posted on 4/23/2003, 5:03:58 PM by AdamSelene235 (Like all the jolly good fellows, I drink my whiskey clear....)
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To: Chancellor Palpatine
I think all of this (fascism - right wing or left wing?) just illustrates the hazards of attempting to import the terminology of old conflicts in order to understand or address new conflicts and problems.

Our present conflict is with terrorists and political systems which produce international chaos. Who cares whether we can distort old definitions sufficiently to wrap around our current adversaries? No matter what we call them, we gotta beat them.

13 posted on 4/23/2003, 5:04:15 PM by Scenic Sounds
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To: Chancellor Palpatine
It emphasizes a myth of national or racial rebirth after a period of decline or destruction.

A flawed Phoenix.

14 posted on 4/23/2003, 5:06:11 PM by Consort (Use only un-hyphenated words when posting.)
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To: Illbay
"Fascism" has almost nothing to do with "right wing" except that it promotes the interest of one's nationality or tribe over others.

I agree. I'd argue that it's very left wing. However, leftwingers like to call conservatives "fascists" (apparently not understanding what fascism is, at all), so it does carry a rightwing connotation.

15 posted on 4/23/2003, 5:07:04 PM by Dog Gone
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To: Chancellor Palpatine
Fascism: A fashion movement.
16 posted on 4/23/2003, 5:08:26 PM by RedBloodedAmerican
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To: RedBloodedAmerican
LOL - Wearing those sharp uniforms, medals everywhere, the symbols, the goose stepping....
17 posted on 4/23/2003, 5:09:21 PM by Chancellor Palpatine
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To: Chancellor Palpatine
Presenting fascism as a rightwing ideology works only if it is visualized as the right down-leg of a communist presentation; drawn like an Amway cultist on a dry-erase board, with communism being the first "circle."

Characterizing fascism as rightwing is only important to communists wishing to deflect from their failed ideology. Fascism is rightwing only to communists who benefit from the distinction and to those who haven't given the idea a second thought.

18 posted on 4/23/2003, 5:11:46 PM by Nephi (Extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice. Moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue.)
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To: Chancellor Palpatine
Wearing those sharp uniforms, medals everywhere, the symbols, the goose stepping....

AND the trains ran on time. ;-)

19 posted on 4/23/2003, 5:14:47 PM by Chemist_Geek ("Drill, R&D, and conserve" should be our watchwords! Energy independence for America!)
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To: Dog Gone
Fascism = Socialism without a bleeding heart
20 posted on 4/23/2003, 5:16:01 PM by thoughtomator (I predict hysteria at the UN)
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