Reagan made an agreement with Russia not to arm countries on Russia’s border in order for Russia to leave the European countries it was occupying. This worked great until Obama started arming Ukraine in 2014 and literally having the CIA topple another elected government that was semi friendly with Russia. (Imagine Russia arming Mexico not to mention Cuba). Not only that, Russian speaking areas of Ukraine was being bombed by third parties and not protected.
Obama/Biden stirred this pot (manipulated by the CIA?)and the result is tens of thousands of dead Ukrainian and Russian young men and civilians.
Plus, there is no way Russia will ever give up their only southern port.
Frankly, we should have been bringing Russia into the world economy and let them be to financially invested in peace to be doing something stupid..
I can't say anything will for certain, but the fact that they didn't succeed this time will have a discouraging effect. Also, time will give Ukraine a chance to rebuilt its economy and its defenses.
There's also the question of whether Russia really wants to try to digest unruly and anti-Russian Western Ukraine. When they decided they wanted part of Eastern Ukraine Russian leaders may have been captivated by the idea of conquering the whole country, but by now they many have recognized that it's a pipe dream.
Neither Putin, nor the current American regime will last forever, so there will be an opportunity to get beyond the current mess. Russia, the US, and Europe may come to realize that Ukraine is a useful bridge between East and West, one that doesn't have to be and shouldn't be wholly Eastern or wholly Western.
“ what’s gonna prevent Russia from trying this again in the future?”
Nothing.
What conclusions do you draw from that? The strong do what they wish, the weak do what they must.
We were in on that agreement, which is most certainly why it was signed, so its enforcement lay on our shoulders