Mr. BUSH. Mr. Speaker, I wish to pay tribute to a great American, William H. Draper, Jr., major general, U.S. Army, retired.
Last week on September 10, General Draper celebrated his 75th birthday. Holding to a promise he made to his wife, General Draper retired as national chairman of the Population Crisis Committee, a responsibility that he has had since establishing the PCC 5 years ago.
As chairman of the Republican Research Task Force on Earth Resources and Population, I am very much aware of the significant leadership that General Draper has executed throughout the world in assisting governments in their efforts to solve the awesome problems of rapid population growth. No other person in the past 5 years has shown more initiative in creating the awareness of the world's leaders in recognizing the economic consequences of our population explosion.
The general has had a very meaningful life. He was an infantry regiment commander in the Pacific theater during World War II. He was economic adviser to Gen. Lucius Clay during the rehabilitation of West Germany. From 1947 to 1949, General Draper was Under Secretary of the Army, and in 1952 was appointed by President Truman as U.S. representative in Europe with ambassadorial rank to coordinate the mutual security program for Europe and to represent the United States in the North Atlantic Treaty Council.
In November of 1958, President Eisenhower appointed General Draper Chairman of the President's Committee To Study the U.S. Military Assistance Program. In October 1962, President Kennedy appointed the general head of an interdepartmental survey team to study and report on the situation in Brazil.
Fortunately, we will be hearing more from Bill Draper as he is now the honorary chairman of the Population Crisis Committee, and will continue to be available for consultation on world affairs for which he is so well qualified.
Mr. BUSH. Mr. Speaker, during the past 2 weeks the House Republican research committee task force on earth resources and population, of which I am chairman, has heard from Gen. William H. Draper, Jr., national chairman, Population Crisis Committee, Mr. J. Steele Culbertson, director, National Fishmeal and Oil Association, and Dr. William Moran, president, Population Reference Bureau.
In order to keep the Members informed of the program of the task force activities, I offer the highlights of these hearings for the RECORD:
Gen. William H. Draper, Jr., National Chairman, Population Crisis Committee.
Members Present: Bush, Gubser, Horton, McCloskey, MacGregor, Henry Smith, Taft, Wold.
Special Guest: Frank Borman.
General Draper claimed that because decisions on the population problem do not face federal officials every day, the problem is like a rising tide. We don't realize the full implications until we are up to our necks.
Despite political promises of prosperity, economic growth in the underdeveloped nations has been neutralized by the population explosion. In India and Pakistan, public frustration is beginning to show in political, economic and social breakdowns.
General Draper stated, "Our strivings for the individual good will become a scourge to the community unless we use our God-given brain power to bring back a balance between the birth rate and the death rate."
The governments of Latin American countries realize the significance of their own population growth rates, but cannot politically support family planning programs due to the opposition of the Roman Catholic Church.
General Draper stated that he would like to see the number of people assigned to population control in AID increased from the present 67 to approxamately 400.
General Draper pointed to three areas which are related to population control, which have not been adequately covered:
Referring to a possible trend to liberalize abortion laws, General Draper pointed out that the Executive Committee of Planned Parenthood World Population has adopted a policy resolution claiming that abortion is not a legal matter, but rather one for the husband, wife and doctor to decide without the help of the state.
Col. Frank Borman added that he personally couldn't see any hope for a meaningful life on earth, "living in a cubical apartment with a bowling alley in the basement."
Mr. J. Steele Culbertson, Director, National Fishmeal and Oil Association.
Members Present: Bush, Frey, Horton, Lukens, McCloskey, Pettis.
In order to negotiate beneficial fishing treaties with the Russians, we need an expanded research program in the United States. Mr. Culbertson explained that very little is known about the migratory patterns of our Atlantic specie and that by negotiating we are "taking a broad step in the dark."
According to Mr. Culbertson, the death of the California sardine fisheries can be attributed to a lack of research. In the 1930's those fisheries were producing 1.5 billion pounds of fish annually, until the fish began to inexplicably disappear. Research projects were begun too late to save the industry.
The meat-feed ratio for poultry is approximately 1 pound of meat for 2 pounds of feed. Producing 1 pound of catfish meat requires only 1.6 pounds of feed. Ten pounds of catfish can be produced on 17 cents of fishmeal feed.
Mr. Culbertson claimed that harmful marine pollution can be prevented by careful plant processes analysis. In Alaska pulp mills are allowed only if they use a magnesium process which does not endanger the salmon industry.
Our national fish production has decreased from 23 pounds per person to 10 pounds per person in the last 10 years. Mr. Culbertson predicted that without federal action that in five years we would be producing only 5 pounds per person.
Dr. William Moran, President, Population Reference Bureau.
Members present: Bush, Horton, McCloskey, Pollock, Smith, Taft, Wold.
Dr. Moran, President of the Population Reference Bureau expressed considerable concern over projected resource consumption rates. In 190O the United States used 40.9 billion gallons of water. In 1960 that amount had increased to 322 billion gallons of water annually. Furthermore, these growing consumption rates apply to almost all of our resources.
One of the major problems the United States has in resource management is attitudinal. Dr. Moran feels that we have adopted a "frontiersman" attitude and seem to believe that there will always be new resources available. The fact is that we are already failing to replenish some of our most essential resources. For instance, in the Southwestern United States we are tapping fossil water, or water left from the last ice age.
In this country today we produce only 60% of the oxygen we consume. We have introduced into our atmosphere more carbon dioxide than our plants can absorb and convert to meet our oxygen requirements.
We have in the United States, 6% of the world's population, but we are presently using 1/4 to 1/2 of the world's resources. If the world is to someday manage its resources better, the U.S. must assume an important leadership role.
Dr. Morau believes that our efforts should be spent convincing young couples that their family will be happier and that their children wiil have a better chance for an education if family planning is practiced. Finding a way to convince and motivate the general public should be our first priority.
The Population Reference Bureau concentrates a great deal of its resources in both Latin and South America. Dr. Morau explained that the influence Catholicism has over national family planning programs varies with each country. Nationalism in countries like Brazil also limits the extent to which family planning services may be introduced. Brazil allows only 15% of those women who are considered fertile to receive any family planning services or information.