On June 13, 1866, in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War, Congress passed the 14th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, which was ratified by the states and became part of our Constitution on July 9, 1868. The 14th Amendment, or Article 14, is commonly known as the ''Equal Rights Amendment,'' for it contains in Section 1 the now-famous injunction that ''No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due...