A senior defense official, who like others spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss the plans, said the advances made by Russia and China do "force a competition that has to be confronted in the next decade." Almost half of the new investments Carter will propose are related to what officials see as a growing threat from Moscow, where President Vladimir Putin has demonstrated his willingness to employ Russian military might from Ukraine to Syria. Despite repeated cease-fire agreements, the conflict in Ukraine continues there between Russian-backed separatists and the government in Kiev. If approved by Congress, the budget plan...