The leading Republican candidate for president in 1860 was Senator Seward of New York, distinguished by decades of experience in state and national government. But there was another candidate, relatively unknown nationally, but a recognized anti-slavery lawyer from Illinois. Some of his opponents delighted in calling Abraham Lincoln a "black Republican." Lincoln's government experience consisted of one congressional term, preceded by four terms in the Illinois House of Representatives. Still, the darkhorse candidate had earned a reputation for leadership of the Illinois anti-slavery coalition of former Whigs and free soil Democrats. In debates and major speeches of the 1850s, he...