Given Neanderthals’ diet of meat and hunting pattern (up close and personal - not throwing/shooting weapons)....and given that they often hunted large powerful game, I would guess a lot of the males were killed before getting very old.
How long do you think you’d last earning a living by spearing oxen, large deer, bison, bears, etc?
https://www.livescience.com/28036-neanderthals-facts-about-our-extinct-human-relatives.html
[snip] Neanderthals lived in nuclear families. Discoveries of elderly or deformed Neanderthal skeletons suggest that they took care of their sick and those who could not care for themselves. Neanderthals typically lived to be about 30 years old, though some lived longer. It is accepted that Neanderthals buried their dead, though whether or not they left carved bone shards as grave goods is debated... Neanderthals were primarily carnivorous, and the harsh climate caused them to resort occasionally to cannibalism. Recently, however, scientists have found that Neanderthals actually ate cooked vegetables fairly regularly. [/snip]
The “Frank and Ernest” cartoon for 2/7/2020 was “The First Tax Authorities.” As Frank and Ernest (attired as cavemen) walk past a large man holding a club and a spear, Frank tells Ernest, “We only audit gatherers. Auditing hunters is too dangerous.”