Henry arms makes a 22 smooth bore lever action gun
https://www.henryusa.com/shotgun/garden-gun-smoothbore-22/
I used to do pigeon control when in college. Used a smooth bore 22 and it was impressive. Take em down in flight 50 to 60 ft. Great little shotgun ..if you can handle the recoil. lol
Having a hard time picturing that, not sure I believe it.
I can see how shot could leave sheared off lead deposits at the leading edge of the rifling, and that this deposit would be best removed before sending a slug down the barrel, but direct damage to rifling....ehhhh,,,,,I dunno.