Ironically, the actual destruction of Challenger was just sheer bad luck.
The burn-thru at the SRB joint was completely random and only by bad luck occurred in the roughly 90 degree arc facing the External Tank (ET).
If it had been somewhere along the other 270 degrees, the slight loss of thrust could have been offset by a small gimbaling of the Main Engines (ME) and the Shuttle could have made orbit with little or no change. In fact at the time of the explosion, the ME’s were already moving to offset the loss of thrust.
Instead the flame from the joint cut into the ET and severed one of the lower struts mounting the SRB, resulting in explosion that destroyed the Shuttle.
If the burn through had occurred further counterclockwise and outside the 90 degree arc,, could Challengers TPS have absorbed the heat from what was a very large solid-fuel blowtorch?