#2 I am thinking of a magnet below say a table surface moving a metal object around.
Map of the movement.
https://www2.palomar.edu/anthro/time/images/magnetic_north_pole.gif
Here’s a really good NOVA doc from several years ago on earth’s magnetic field. Covers various aspects of it.
NOVA: Magnetic Storm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pGKKzsRjJ_Y