No thrust in an absolute vacuum.
Rockets have been fired underwater in neutral buoyancy. No air there but the rockets will move. In space, the ignited propellants expand and push in all directions but escape in a controlled manner through the rockets nozzle pushing the rocket forward in the same way a balloon is pushed forward when the air is let out of it’s intake. You don’t think they haven’t fired rockets and measured their thrust in absolute vacuum here on Earth? Have you ever heard of the Space Power Facility at NASA...the world’s largest vacuum chamber?
What are the huge crowds watching go upwards when they gather at the Cape to watch the rockets go up? Why don’t they hit the “dome” and crash back down?
Just in case you wish to test me by using 1John4.....I Mike Mathis publically confess that Jesus is Messiah who is come in the flesh, indeed is the Living Torah of God in flesh! The faith is not threatened by the fact that the Earth is in deed an oblate spheroid and that we did manage to get to the moon. Rockets do fly in space by chemical means as well as by ionic propulsion(which is how space scientists were able to reach a few comets) December 1968 was in some ways more important than the moon landing in that the astronauts, in orbit about the moon read from Genesis chapter 1. That was when the Earth truly began to matter to the stars...as far as I believe!