[Vigilanteman]

Basically, you are right. The Lumbee (NC), I think never got a treaty because they backed the British during the American Revolution. That had the upside of them not being considered Indians for the 1838 removal either. Once they saw the benefits which flowed from getting federal recognition, they tried in the 1930s and were basically told to stuff it because they weren't anymore impoverished than paleface man.

OTOH, President U.S. Grant was very sentimental and granted recognition to a Mission Band of the the Chumash in the 1870s who got a small acerage grant just west of Palm Springs off what is now I-10. There were no more than 30 in this tribe at the time. Today, they own a luxury hotel, gas station, shopping center and casino just off the freeway and are rolling in dough. Timing is everything!

[PIF]

To be a Treaty Tribe they must cite a specific treaty which includes them such as: Treaty With The Nisqualli, Puyallup, etc., 1854. pp 661-664
or
Treaty of Neah Bay, 1855

Else they are just another tribe whose existence is Federally but not Constitutionally recognized.

Federal recognition entitles a tribe to certain benefits; a Treaty Tribe has legal and Constitutional Rights. There is a vast difference.