My vote would be for “The Haunting”.
Although not a horror movie per se, The Thing from Another World (1951) really scared me when my parents thoughtfully took me to see it when I was five. Years later, it still gives me the chills.
I too saw “The Thing from Another World” as a child in the 1950s and it scared the c#@p out of me. The Kurt Russell version, “The Thing,” years later was even scarier.
That was my choice too. I saw it in the theater, black and white flick, and very intense for that time period.
The Haunting..
“If it wasn’t you, then who was HOLDING MY HAND?!?
Saw The Thing From Another World about the same age you did.
A few years later...
The Quatermass Xperiment (a.k.a. The Creeping Unknown in the United States) in 1955