I’ve been reading about these people lately. There are three sections to european genetics. Early hunter gathers from before 12000 years ago. The closest moderns to them are from north asia. Some of the DNA from canadian indians tracks with their dna.
About seven thousand years ago farmers from anatolia moved into europe. They interbred fairly evenly with the native hunter gatherers. So males and females alike shared in two sets of genes from the two peoples to varying degrees. The mixing was fairly even because while the farmers were more settled “civilized” —the early hunter gatherers were more healthy. They had a better diet.
Starting about 5000 years ago horsemen from what is now roughly the Ukraine pushed west into europe. They went all the way to Ireland and Spain in the west and Italy and greece in the south and scandenavia in the north. They displaced all the males of hunter gatherer and anatolian farmer stock. Every European man today is desended from these horsemen. They are our fathers. Only European women carry the earlier dna of the anatolian farmers and the early hunter gatherers.
We’ve had a real nice bunch of topics about bronze age Europe lately, the one I almost reposted before I switched to this one had already gone up, I realized it in time. Red Badger posted this one:
https://freerepublic.com/focus/chat/4136020/posts
I suspect that the Basques were one, perhaps the only, European civilization which were not displaced by the horse conquerers. Basque language is not traceable to any other language. When the men were killed, the women were eventually forced to adopt the language of the conquerers. I wonder if male Basque dna has been analyzed with this question in mind?