Posted on 02/02/2005 2:03:03 PM PST by Ed Hudgins
Ayn Rand at 100: The Moral Defense of Freedom By Edward Hudgins ehudgins@objectivistcenter.org
She was born on February 2, 1905, in Russia. At the age of nine she decided she wanted to be a writer. As a teenager she lived through the horrors of the communist revolution, and at age twenty-one she made her way to the United States. She learned English and became a best-selling author; her books still sell hundreds of thousands of copies a year and in 1991, over a decade after her death, a Library of Congress survey found that her magnum opus, Atlas Shrugged, was the most influential book in the country after the Bible.
A century after her birth, Ayn Rand's legacy lives on not only in her novels -- The Fountainhead (1943), Anthem (1938), We the Living (1936) and Atlas (1957) -- but also in political and cultural ideas that are changing the country.
Rand is best known as a logical yet passionate advocate of individual liberty and laissez-faire capitalism who stands out from others because she was principally a novelist. In Atlas her heroes were businessmen and -women, productive individuals whose achievements were responsible for the country's prosperity. This is in stark contrast to the usual portrayal of business executives as villains in books, movies, TV shows, sermons and political pronouncements. Rand didn't simply explain her perspective; her stories showed us her characters' love for their work; it was exciting to read about how they strove with zeal, using their minds, independent judgment, integrity and strength to produce railroads, oil wells and steel mills.
Rand's plots taught economic lessons better than do most college textbooks, showing exactly how one government regulation after another can punish productive individuals and destroy a country. Even more important, in her novels and her non-fiction works she developed a philosophy - Objectivism -- that provided a moral defense of free markets.
Rand began with the observation that since the ultimate alternative for human beings is life or death, the ultimate moral goal for each individual is survival. That might not seem so radical, but Rand went on to observe that because we are humans, the goal is not just physical survival; it is a happy, joyous and flourishing life. Further, the means by which we discover how to achieve this goal is our unique rational capacity, not instincts, feelings or faith. Thinking allows us to produce food, clothing, shelter, medicine, printing presses, computers, rockets and theories to explain everything from atoms to galaxies.
Rand developed an ethos of rational self-interest, but this "virtue of selfishness" was not an anti-social creed for predators. Instead, it led Rand to her great insight that there is no conflict of interest between honest, rational individuals. Since individuals are ends in themselves, no one in society should initiate the use of force or fraud against others. All relationships should be based on mutual consent. This became the credo of the modern libertarian movement, found today in think tanks, publications and public policy proposals.
True individualists would not debase themselves by living the life of a thief, whether robbing a store with a gun or their fellow citizens with a government mandate or wealth-redistribution scheme. Rather, they would take pride in taking responsibility for their own lives, actions and moral character. Rand wrote, "As man is a being of self-made wealth, so he is a being of self-made soul."
Thus an ethos of rational self-interest justifies and supports individual liberty; a free market - not a communist, socialist, fascist or welfare-state system - is the only one that protects the rights of each individual. Entrepreneurs, workers, business owners, professionals and all others need not justify their quest for the highest wages or profits or to seek permission from "society" or their neighbors; they are free to live their lives as they please as long as they respect the similar freedom of others.
The result of such self-interest is a peaceful, prosperous society of achievers. Such a society would be a joy to live. Not only would we each benefit materially from the goods and services we purchase from others, we would obtain spiritual fuel from their inspiring examples. As one of Rand's characters states, "Don't work for my happiness, my brothers - show me yours... show me your achievement --- and the knowledge will give me courage for mine."
Among Rand's admirers today are Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan, who was her close friend, Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas, Members of Congress, governors, entrepreneurs, scholars and many proud individuals, in the United States and around the world. At the centenary of her birth, Ayn Rand's voice of reason offers an antidote for our polarized and overly politicized country and our world threatened by irrational fanaticism and force; it promises a future in which all individuals can realize the best within them.
Great piece, Ed. I read it earlier on TOC. You've done a great job of putting the ideas in more modern language without taking from the meaning.
Only one problem with Ayn. Humans are emotional as well as rational creatures. A philosophy based solely on rationalism can never explain human thought or action because it is not, never has been, and never can be based solely on human rationality.
I spent many wonderful hours reading Rand.
Likewise. A toast to a true intellectual giant.
Currently slogging through Atlas Shrugged. Not great writing, but interesting plot variation.
Not overly impressed, but it was one of the books I promised myself I'd read before I died.
Her atheism is somewhat insufferable. I've read that she died quite lonely. That would vary greatly from the hagiography in the above article.
John Gaults 65 page speech in Atlas is fantastic.
ping
How old are you now? I might suggest if at least 5 to 10 years have passed, you could consider the opportunity to read them again. No slam intended here at all. Our perceptions change as we go through our lives. Even 20 years might be a good idea...me...I reread much I had read long ago....the words were the same...but much intent had changed.
Just a suggestion
Who is John Galt?
In one of my economics classes in college one of our assignments was to read Atlas Shrugged during the semester. Our final exam was a 15 minute oral review of the book.
Umberto Eco's third cousin...twice removed.
Gilder's approach to economics was based on an understanding of the influences that religion and human altruism has on human behavior, and the critical roles these elements play in a successful economy.
I post this here because I've just started reading it again, and one item in particular stood out: he recounts a debate he had with Ayn Rand years ago, in which he used attributes of the characters in her own books to support his arguments and refute hers.
"I swear by my life and my love of it that I will never live for the sake of another man, nor ask another man to live for mine."
— John Galt
Atlas Shrugged
Anthem is one of my favorite books. I re-read it every other year or whenever I'm in the mood. Now if they only made the movie.........
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