"..the analysis by Duarte et al of the Lagar Velho child's skeleton is "a brave and imaginative interpretation" which the majority of paleoanthropologists will consider unproven. The archeological context of Lagar Velho is that of a typical *Gravettian burial, with no sign of *Mousterian cultural influence, and the specimen itself lacks not only derived Neanderthal characteristics, but also lacks any suggestion of Neanderthal morphology.
6) the authors conclude: "The probability must thus remain that this is simply a chunky Gravettian child, a descendant of the modern invaders who had evicted the Neanderthals from Iberia several millennia earlier."
http://scienceweek.com/2001/sw011019.htm
"Research on the Lagar Velho child is carried out by an international and interdisciplinaryresearch team (Instituto Português de Arqueologia; Washington University, St. Louis; University of Zurich, and others). During computer-assisted reconstruction of the skull the severely fragmented and dispersed cranial remains were assembled, and plastic deformation caused by taphonomic compression of the cranial vault was corrected. Taking into account several reconstruction variants, a comparative geometric-morphometric analysis of the Lagar Velho cranium clusters this individual with modern human children of age 3 to 4 and does not reveal Neanderthal affinities." http://www.ifi.unizh.ch/~zolli/res_db/lv.htm