The results aren't really surprising. I can't think of an instance where a Senator was punished by his constituents for seeking higher office and losing (if they won, on the other hand, they'd obviously resign).
It didn't hurt Dole in 1976, Bentsen in 1988, Lieberman in 2000, or Kerry in 2004. I'm sure there are numerous other instances from longer ago that aren't occurring to me just now.
This is a special case because Bill Clinton promised on television in 1990 that, if re-elected, he would serve his full four-year term as governor of Arkansas. Of course, he broke that promise and started campaigning for president a year later. Clinton basically abandoned Arkansas during his presidential campaign, leading to a budget crisis and other problems. He only returned when he needed a hideout in the mansion, away from reporters seeking comment on the Gennifer Flowers affair. Unfortunately, the New York GOP failed to capitalize on that earlier example of Clinton treachery.