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Last survivor re-lives the horrors of Passchendaele (World War I)
UK Daily Mail ^ | 7/28/07 | Nigel Blundell

Posted on 07/29/2007 9:24:05 AM PDT by wagglebee

You have to strain to hear Harry Patch. At 109 years old, the last surviving Tommy from the horrors of the trenches in the First World War is growing increasingly frail.

But his mind is every bit as sharp today as it was 90 years ago this week when, as a 19-year-old conscript, he was ordered over the top at the Third Battle of Ypres.

The battle, better known simply as Passchendaele, has become a byword for senseless slaughter.

passchendaele

Bitter memories: Harry Patch at Passchendaele today

More than half a million men were killed or injured during five months of fighting over a few miles of quagmire.

The British commander-in-chief, Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig, had launched his "Flanders Offensive" to relieve exhausted French troops in the south and stop the Germans deploying U-Boats from the Belgian ports.

But the objective soon shrank to the pointless task of taking the ruined Belgian village of Passchendaele.

With the help of The Mail on Sunday, Harry Patch returned for the first time to the spot where his unit waited with increasing anxiety, before being ordered to advance out of the comparative safety of the trenches, across a stream called the Steenbeek and into No Man's Land.

passchendaele

How Passchendaele looked in 1917. The massive Allied bombardment had turned the fields around Passchendaele into a quagmire that seriously hampered the Flanders Offensive

He came to pay a deeply personal farewell to his three closest comrades – killed by a German shell – and to bear witness to the horrors of trench warfare for one last time.

It was impossible not to be moved as Harry surveyed the landscape from his wheelchair, his eyes misting over at the painful memories of 1917.

Even though the land that was once part of the British front line is now the corner of a farmer's field with the rebuilt Langemarck church in the background, Harry recognised it immediately.

"Yes, this is where it happened," he said. "I can see it in my mind's eye. I remember the cacophony of noise, so loud you couldn't hear the man next to you speaking.

passchendaele

Battle-weary soldiers on the march

"Shells were whizzing over us towards the German lines just 750 yards away, and their machine-gun bullets were coming in the opposite direction. But what I remember most was the waiting, the anxiety, the fear.

"I have a memory of crossing that stream. It was flooded, with the trees on either side smashed to pieces. We crossed on pontoons because the bridge had been blown up.

"On the far side of the stream we stopped to await the order to advance. The bombardment to cover us took your breath away. The noise was ferocious. There was apprehension in everyone's eyes and horror in a few."

Endless torrential rain and an Allied barrage of more than four million shells that preceded the initial assault on July 31, 1917, turned the battlefield into a quagmire that would bog down the offensive.

Before Allied forces finally captured the town in November 1917, many soldiers were sucked under and drowned, and guns, tanks and horses also sank in the mud.

On the morning of August 16, Harry's battalion of the 7th Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry was given the task of launching an assault on the village of Langemarck.

"The ground we had to cover was just shell holes," Harry recalled.

"There were bodies, both our own and German, from the first wave. It was sickening to see your own dead and wounded, some crying for stretcher-bearers, others semi-conscious and others beyond all hope.

"There were men who had been ripped to pieces – it wasn't just a case of seeing them with a neat bullet-hole in their tunic. Lots of people were crying for help but you couldn't stop.

"It was hellish," he adds in his slight Somerset burr.

"Just one long nightmare from the thunder of the guns as the battle began to the sound of the wounded crying out. You could do nothing to help them. You just had to go forward through all that mud and blood. It was absolutely sickening.

"I remember one lad from our regiment in particular – the memory has haunted me all my life. He was in a pool of blood, ripped open from his shoulder to his waist by shrapnel.

When we got to him he said, 'Shoot me.' But before we could draw a revolver, he was dead.

"And the final word he uttered was 'Mother'. It wasn't a cry of despair, it was a cry of surprise and joy. I think – no, I'm sure – that his mother was in the next world to welcome him and he knew it.

"I've always remembered that cry and that death is not the end – at least I hope that's how it was with my three mates."

Harry, who had been an apprentice plumber in Bath before conscription, was sent to the front line around his 19th birthday in June 1917.

He said: "I didn't want to be there and I never pretended I did. I was conscripted in 1916, by which time the enthusiasm for the war had waned at home.

"I was nervous but I didn't want to reveal my feelings to the others.

"It doesn't matter how much training you've had, you can't prepare for the reality – the noise, the filth, the uncertainty, the casualties. The conditions were awful while we were waiting for the offensive.

"It rained and rained. Water flowed along the bottom of the trench. I'd stand on an ammunition box until it sank into the mud, then put another on top and stand on that.

"There was no sanitation and the place stank. You were filthy. From landing in France in June until coming out in September, I never had a bath nor clean clothes.

"I was put in a Lewis gun team with three others. We became very close – it sounds strange, but we had a pact that we wouldn't kill anyone, not if we could help it.

"We'd fire short, hit them in the legs or fire over their heads, but not kill unless it was them or us."

On the day they went over the top, Harry's team were instructed to provide covering fire for their comrades, who overran the enemy trenches and became involved in hand-to-hand fighting.

"We lay down for cover behind a dead German. I had just changed a magazine when one of them came out of the trench and came straight for us with fixed bayonet.

"He couldn't have had any ammunition, otherwise he would have shot us. I drew my revolver and shot him in the right shoulder.

"He dropped his rifle but still came stumbling on. He called out something to me in German – I don't suppose it was complimentary. I had three live rounds left in that revolver and could have killed him with the first.

"He was only 15 yards away and I couldn't miss, not with a Webley service revolver, not at that range.

"I thought, 'What shall I do?' I had four seconds to make up my mind, and I gave him his life.

"I shot him above the ankle and above the knee and brought him down. He would have been passed back to a PoW camp and rejoined his family after the war.

"I've often wondered whether he realised I gave him his life. Six weeks later, my three best mates were killed by a German bomb. If that had happened before I met that German, I would have damn well killed him."

The assault by Harry's men was over by mid-morning and the survivors waited all afternoon for a counter-attack that never came.

"We were sitting amid a sea of shell holes, up to our knees in gluey, sticky mud. The stench of rotting bodies was terrible. Right across the battlefield, the bodies of the dead and of the wounded would sink out of sight.'

Harry is one of only a handful of First World War veterans still alive. Bill Stone, 106, served in the Navy and was not involved in combat, while Henry Allingham, 111, was a mechanic in the Royal Naval Air Service.

William Young, a former radio operator in the Royal Flying Corps, died last week aged 107.

For his trip back to Flanders, Harry was accompanied by his friend, historian Richard van Emden, his co-author on The Last Fighting Tommy.

Richard scoured maps and photographs taken at the time to pinpoint Harry's battle position.

Staring out across the fields, Harry said: "This was all mud, mud and more mud, mixed together with blood.

"We fought for a few yards of soil and that cost the lives of so many, including my three best friends. There was no excuse for such slaughter for so little gain."

He returned to England six weeks after that first assault. The German shell that killed his three best friends had also left Harry with horrific shrapnel wounds that were later operated on without anaesthetic.

When he lies in bed at his care home in Wells, Somerset, a flash of light outside his room can put him straight back to the horrors of Passchendaele.

"Anyone who tells you they weren't scared is a damned liar. You were scared all the time," he said.

"We lived hour by hour. You saw the sun rise, hopefully you'd see it set. If you saw it set, you hoped you'd see it rise. Some men would, some wouldn't."

After the war Harry went back to plumbing in Somerset and outlived two wives and two sons.

He said: "I went 80 years and never mentioned the war, not even to my family. The memories were too vivid. I bottled it all up for so long. I never even watched a war film.

"But the war is something I can now talk about. In 2004 I went back to Flanders for a memorial service and met a German, Charles Kuentz, who had fought against us.

"We shook hands and agreed on so much about that awful war. A nice old chap, he was. Why he should have been my enemy, I don't know.

"He told me, 'I fought you because I was told to, and you did the same.' It's sad but true.

"What the hell we fought for, I now don't know."



TOPICS: Culture/Society; Extended News; News/Current Events; United Kingdom
KEYWORDS: flanders; harrypatch; milhist; passchendaele; veterans; worldwari; worldwarone; wwi
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1 posted on 07/29/2007 9:24:09 AM PDT by wagglebee
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To: indcons

Military History Ping


2 posted on 07/29/2007 9:25:17 AM PDT by wagglebee ("A political party cannot be all things to all people." -- Ronald Reagan, 3/1/75)
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To: wagglebee

http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-chat/1867407/posts
More pictures


3 posted on 07/29/2007 9:27:13 AM PDT by RightWhale (It's Brecht's donkey, not mine)
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To: RightWhale

That story is linked in this one. They have done an amazing job of clarifying the pictures and adding color.


4 posted on 07/29/2007 9:29:20 AM PDT by wagglebee ("A political party cannot be all things to all people." -- Ronald Reagan, 3/1/75)
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To: wagglebee

Images look faked.


5 posted on 07/29/2007 9:32:47 AM PDT by RightWhale (It's Brecht's donkey, not mine)
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To: RightWhale

I looked at the other thread and it seems pretty obvious that at least one of them is photoshopped, none of the ones on here seem to be though.


6 posted on 07/29/2007 9:34:52 AM PDT by wagglebee ("A political party cannot be all things to all people." -- Ronald Reagan, 3/1/75)
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To: wagglebee

I’m a little over half this man’s age,and he looks better then I do !!!


7 posted on 07/29/2007 9:43:18 AM PDT by Obie Wan
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To: wagglebee

Thanks.


8 posted on 07/29/2007 9:45:55 AM PDT by wizr (A step in Faith will set you free.)
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To: wagglebee
"What the hell we fought for, I now don't know."

Because the "other guy" was going to kill you if you didn't kill him.

Maybe someday the jihadis will feel that way about us. Maybe.

9 posted on 07/29/2007 11:03:34 AM PDT by narby
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To: wagglebee

There can’t be more than a handful of living WW-I vets.


10 posted on 07/29/2007 11:08:50 AM PDT by The Great RJ ("Mir we bleiwen wat mir sin" or "We want to remain what we are." ..Luxembourg motto)
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To: narby
Maybe someday the jihadis will feel that way about us. Maybe.

Doubtful.

11 posted on 07/29/2007 11:14:34 AM PDT by wagglebee ("A political party cannot be all things to all people." -- Ronald Reagan, 3/1/75)
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To: The Great RJ
Wikipedia lists 23.
12 posted on 07/29/2007 11:29:55 AM PDT by 91B (God made man, Sam Colt made men equal)
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To: wagglebee
...

If in some smothering dreams, you too could pace

Behind the wagon that we flung him in,

And watch the white eyes writhing in his face,

His hanging face, like a devil's sick of sin,

If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood

Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs

Bitten as the cud

Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues, -

My friend, you would not tell with such high zest

To children ardent for some desperate glory,

The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est

Pro patria mori.

Dulce Et Decoum Est

Wilfred Owen (1893-1918)

13 posted on 07/29/2007 12:40:18 PM PDT by jamaksin
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To: wagglebee
Just when I think my life s**ks, a story like this comes up.

My life isn't so bad after all.
A late credit card payment vs. this?

14 posted on 07/29/2007 1:02:50 PM PDT by Inquisitive1 (I know nothing except the fact of my ignorance - Socrates)
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To: RightWhale
Images look faked.

Some are. FReeper r9etb caught them red handed.

Follow the link at post #3.

I wouldn't have minded a little "artistic license" were they not claiming these to be never before seen, colorized originals.

Since they are tainted and none can be trusted, I have added my own.

Image Hosted by ImageShack.us

15 posted on 07/29/2007 5:56:28 PM PDT by Colorado Doug (Now I know how the Indians felt to be sold out for a few beads and trinkets)
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To: narby
Because the "other guy" was going to kill you if you didn't kill him.

After you get through the propaganda and youthful bravado... This statement applies to any and all human conflict in mankind's history!

16 posted on 07/29/2007 6:05:54 PM PDT by ExSES (the "bottom-line")
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To: Colorado Doug

That’s gotta be n’orleans post katrina.


17 posted on 07/30/2007 7:51:44 AM PDT by late bloomer ( Neglegere homo pone aulaeum. semi-retired warlord)
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To: wagglebee

Thanks for the ping, wagglebee. Will ping this out later today.


18 posted on 07/31/2007 3:26:37 AM PDT by indcons
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To: IncPen

ping


19 posted on 07/31/2007 3:37:56 AM PDT by Nailbiter
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To: wagglebee

Now that’s a quagmire!


20 posted on 07/31/2007 3:43:36 AM PDT by caver (Yes, I did crawl out of a hole in the ground.)
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