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It started in 2007 with Mass v EPA and Scotus ruled that CO2 was a pollutant. They told EPA to regulate CO2 with the clean air act.

Bush, Obama, and everyone else wanted congress to step in and regulate CO2 but they were never able to pass cap and trade.

Obama/EPA then(2010) moved forward with regulations for CO2 on new permits/new plants and numerous lawsuits were filed and they would be combined as Utility Air Regulatory Group(UARG) v EPA.

But before that case could be heard, a second CO2 case reached SCOTUS(2011), AEP v Conn. SCOTUS ruled that states can't regulate CO2 and only the feds via EPA can regulate CO2, re-enforcing their 2007 decision.

In June 2014, SCOTUS ruled on UARG v EPA for Obama/EPA but they put some limitations on the permitting process.

Just prior to this ruling, Obama/EPA released their draft regs on existing permits/existing plants, which is called the Clean Power Plan mentioned in the article above. EPA is close to completing the comment period and will the release the final rule(July, Aug?), after which there will probably be lawsuits filed.

Last June after Obama released the draft regs, Murray Coal company and 12 coal states preemptively sued and that case has been heard by the DC Court of Appeals, but they haven't ruled yet.