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[Wars are not a sane act.

If you win one decisively, you still loose in general. They are seldom pacified quickly and the destruction they bring is incredibly costly to the survivors.]

That’s post-1945 wars for Western armies. For non-Western armies, nothing has changed. They will kill as many civilians as they need to cut off the rebels’ food supply and sanctuary.

The Chinese invasion of Vietnam in 1979, where 100K civilians were killed, over a 6-week period, along with Vietnam’s Gold Star Division, is typical of non-Western methods. They simply don’t have the resources to spend $50b a year for decades.

https://www.historynet.com/war-of-the-dragons-the-sino-vietnamese-war-1979.htm

https://www.quora.com/If-guerrilla-warfare-is-so-hard-to-beat-why-didnt-more-countries-militaries-revert-to-guerilla-tactics-when-they-were-on-the-verge-of-defeat/answer/Yifeng-Huang-8
[Guerilla warfare can be easily defeated if the attackers are resolute.

Genghis Khan, probably the greatest conquerer ever, never had a problem with guerilla warfare, even though the lands he conquered included Afghanistan. Why? Because his army simply slaughter all civilians, including their babies, who dare to fight against them.

In the Vietnam war, the Americans struggled against the Vietcongs. When China fought Vietnam, China simply romped through North Vietnam (north of Hanoi), transport removable factories/infrastructure back to China while destroying those that they cannot bring back. One crack Vietnamese division that was rushed back from Cambodia wisely decided to settle into prepared defensive positions near Hanoi instead of reinforcing the surrounded troops north of Hanoi. Why didn’t China has problem with Vietcong guerilla fighters?

When I first visited China in the 1990s, a retired veteran bitterly told me that his Major was killed by a ~6 year old Vietnamese kid holding a secret pistol when he was giving out food to the kid. Apparently, this is not an isolated incident. Very soon, they enacted Genghis Khan’s strategy. North Vietnamese villagers encountered were simply labeled as “civilian militia”, treated as combatants and showed no mercy. PLA never encounter anymore guerilla problems because there were no civilians left to provide the guerilla with information, shelter and food!

In the 1980s, there is no internet and no international reporter who has access to report on this. Chinese body counts, which included “civilian militia combatants”, concluded that enemy casualties were in excess of 10 times PLA losses.]