A friend of mine built a house and intended to heat it with a wood stove—a German-style stove. It wasn’t anything at all like what I think of when I think ‘wood stove’. It was tall and covered in thick ceramic tile. It was a pretty thing. The idea was the tile would radiate the heat into the room. The thing did a fine job of keeping the large house warm.
You can see them in movies set in central Europe, they look like an odd bit of furniture tucked into a corner.
Those are eaSy to build. And generate a bunch of heat with just sticks. Did they forget how to keep warm? Fire is an essential right
Also called masonry stoves, or tile stoves. Low-Tech Magazine had a good article about them: https://solar.lowtechmagazine.com/2008/12/tile-stoves.html
A similar option is the rocket mass heater: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_mass_heater
Both have the advantage of working well with small-diameter wood, such as twigs and prunings. And they both use thermal mass to absorb the heat and then radiate it long after the fire has gone out.