[ClaireSolt]

Does he talk about how the Roman emperors bought off idle, dependant welfare people in cities with bread and circuses? We are in danger of repeating that mistake. 28,000 Mexican gang members in LA.

Medieval Muslims effectively cut of the land routes to the far east that had been used for centuries and closed the Mediterranean to trade with their pirates. That stimulated the search for new trade routes.

[Milligan]

1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blue.