Tambora in 1816 caused the "year without a summer" in new England. Toba, 50,000 years ago, darn near wiped us (humans) out. Current theory is that we were reduced to a few 10s of thousands, causing an evolutionary bottleneck.
Contrary to another post, however, the actual heat from the magma release is a spit in the ocean in the global heat balance.
75,000 years ago.
Late Pleostocene Human Population Bottlenecks. . . (Toba)
One volcano, or one magma release, is indeed a “spit in the ocean”. But counting all the volcanic releases this planet has undergone in the last couple of billion years, adds up to an awful lot of spit. Probably, heat releases through geothermal superheating of liquid water, and a geyser eruption, accounts for more transfer of energy from the deeper reaches to the atmosphere than magma release.
But remember magma release is what built a lot of the mountain chains, and is still a factor in creation of islands in the sea, similar to how Hawaii was formed.
The heat balance of the earth is moderated by how much is radiated away during the night (earthshine), on the side of the world turned away from the sun, as compared to how much is absorbed by absorption of radiation from the sun on the side in daylight. This could probably be calculated, or at least a SWAG number could be put down for it, but it would involve a lot of factors, some of which seems not to have been considered by the “global warming” prophets.
“Current theory is that we were reduced to a few 10s of thousands, causing an evolutionary bottleneck.”
You would think that an evolutionary bottleneck might be a good thing.
Wonder what it would have been like without it?