That is what training and playing “what if” games are for. You think about these things before you have to act. I have mentioned exactly those techniques in my CCW class numerous times.
This young lady lives in Utah, and may have had some before this incident, but I do my Monday morning quarterbacking fairly carefully from known instinctive behavior.
What you say about incidents and training is accurate, you don't have time to think, and you train the proper decisions into your actions by scenario practice.
Instinct can trigger decisive action as well as training.
Had I my way, this young lady would have had enough of your classroom and hands on CCW/gun safety training to make these scenario decisions rote by age 16. Training is the better way, but I won't denigrate accomplishment.