[kvanbrunt2]

Kristallnacht (German pronunciation: [kʁɪsˈtalnaχt]; English: "Crystal Night"), also referred to as the Night of Broken Glass, or Reichskristallnacht [ˌʁaɪçs.kʁɪsˈtalnaχt], Pogromnacht [poˈɡʁoːmnaχt] ( listen), and Novemberpogrome [noˈvɛmbɐpoɡʁoːmə] ( listen), was a pogrom (a series of coordinated attacks) against Jews throughout Nazi Germany and Austria on 9–10 November 1938, carried out by SA paramilitary forces and non-Jewish civilians. German authorities looked on without intervening.[1] The name Kristallnacht comes from the shards of broken glass that littered the streets after Jewish-owned stores, buildings, and synagogues had their windows smashed.[2] As Richard J. Evans cites several German scholarly sources in his 2005 The Third Reich in Power in his attempts to approximate an accurate figure: The true number of Jews massacred in the attacks will probably never be known, but it was certainly many times greater than the "published 91+ dead", when the maltreatment of the Jewish men after they were arrested is taken into consideration, along with at least 300 suicides caused by the despair it engendered; Jewish deaths undoubtedly ran into the hundreds and probably numbered between one and two thousand. Additionally - 30,000 were arrested and incarcerated in concentration camps.[2] Jewish homes, hospitals, and schools were ransacked, as the attackers demolished buildings with sledgehammers.[3] Over 1,000 synagogues were burned (95 in Vienna alone) and over 7,000 Jewish businesses destroyed or damaged.[4][5] Martin Gilbert writes that no event in the history of German Jews between 1933 and 1945 was so widely reported as it was happening, and the accounts from the foreign journalists working in Germany sent shock waves around the world.[3] The Times wrote at the time: "No foreign propagandist bent upon blackening Germany before the world could outdo the tale of burnings and beatings, of blackguardly assaults on defenseless and innocent people, which disgraced that country yesterday."[6] The pretext for the attacks was the assassination of the German diplomat Ernst vom Rath by Herschel Grynszpan, a German-born Polish Jew living in Paris. Kristallnacht was followed by additional economic and political persecution of Jews, and is viewed by historians as part of Nazi Germany's broader racial policy, and the beginning of the Final Solution and The Holocaust.[7]

[mosesdapoet]

Re Krystalnacht reply; Let’s not forget Horst Wessel
Everyone seems to forget the National Socialists, NAZIS, were targeting capitalism encapuslated in the Jews because many ran small and medium sized businesses. And they needed someone to blame for the disasterous economic conditions at the time.

Their philosophy while it differed from Marxism was also driven by anti capitalist collectivism. To which Fredrick The Great once responded because the NAZIS were around even then; “The best way I know how to punish a province is let it be governed by a philosopher”.