We came close with the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991--said by many to be one of the largest volcanic eruptions of the 20th Century. So much volcanic ash and sulfur dioxide was spewed out from Pinatubo that it caused far-above normal rains in California for essentially three winters.
The fear now is that either Mount Aso (which is just north of the very center of Kyushu island) or Sakurajima east of Kagoshima city could erupt in a BIG way like what Pinatubo did in 1991, which could cause tremendous damage to Kyushu with ashfalls as far east as Tokyo itself.
Pinatubo and several others just before are what I would call the beginning of the 30 year cycle. I don’t know if the giant Fukushima earthquake was the end of the cycle or if we have a big volcano to look out for.