Old controversy was over making cheese with “rennet.”
Pig rennet turned off Muslims and Jews, and natural foods types.
Update:
“The use of pig rennet became obsolete in industrial cheese production because it is not very stable and operates at a pH range that is narrower than that of calf rennet; a standardization to obtain constant enzyme activity in pig rennet is more difficult than in calf rennet.”
Back when I kept Kosher, there was a short discussion about whether to consider rennet in cheese to be traif (a non-kosher meat source with a milk product, a two-fer no-no.)
We quickly decided good cheese was worth bending the rules hard.
Some Hindus in India - specifically in Kerala - eat beef.
Hinduism is not a very defined religion like Christianity, Judaism or Zoroastrianism. Rather it includes everything from polytheism to atheism with multiple types of religions in it. I call it a “meta-religion”.
Anyway, the reason why the cow is revered dates to the Indo-European reverence for cows - you see this also in the Nordic religion. The Indo-Europeans arose around 4000 BC in the region between the black sea and the caspian sea. They probably started off as cowherders as the common language includes a lot of “cattle” related words. They also developed lactose tolerance.
The development of lactose tolerance meant that they could get a source of nutrition without having to go hunting, hence the reverence for the cow.