An Intro to Linux Distros and Live CDs

Linuxaria ^ | 23 October 2011 | linuxari

[ShadowAce]

With over 600 GNU/Linux distributions available, 300 of which are under active development, what’s the best? How do you choose?
It would be nice if there was a Linux Store, like the Apple Stores, where you could actually walk in and “testdrive” a Distro (short for Distribution). Unfortunately, there aren’t any “Linux Stores”. Money’s just not there. Apple products are premium products with premium price tags. Leasing a store, stocking it with “testdrive systems” and having Geeky Guru’s on the payroll just won’t work with a FREE product.

Why are there so many Distros anyway? Makes it difficult to find the right one. Let’s start by cutting the 600 in half. Almost half of the Distros out there are no longer being developed. No longer being improved. Bugs aren’t getting fixed. Dead bits

This isn’t written in stone but probably the best Distro for you will be one of the 300 odd Distros still under active development.

Complicating this dilemma of choice is the broad differences in Distros. Some are general purpose and some have a very specific focus like a Distro for Scientific or Music Production use. Some Distros are for business use and others focus on the individual Home user.

There are others like the ones Banking Institutions have developed where security is King and other Distros can hack your windows passwords or WiFi security.

Even though most Distros are free, the time involved in installing a Distro onto a PC or laptop can be costly because “Time is money”.

Enter the Live CD…

Live CD: “A Linux Distro that boots from a CD (or DVD) and runs in your computer’s memory without being installed is a Live CD. ”

Rumor has it that Linux Live CDs have been around since 1998, so the concept isn’t new. But it is FREE in the best way – it frees you from committing yourself until you actually see and “testdrive” the new Distro. Live CDs free you to sample the field without consequences or investing much time nor will they modify your system (unless you want it).

Last May (2011) Ubuntu came out with a radically new Desktop Interface called “Unity” that was very controversial. The “father” of Linux, Linus Torvalds, disliked it so much that he switched to an entirely different Distro of Linux. I downloaded the new Distro (Ubuntu 11.04) and “testdrove” the live CD. Decided I really liked the Distro so by clicking the Install Icon on the desktop installed it without hitch on my harddrive permanently (until something better comes along). My cup of tea.

I also tried the new Gnome 3 Desktop with the latest RedHat Fedora Distro and didn’t like Gnome 3. Went off in a direction that I didn’t care for in it’s look and feel. Was easy enough to find out with the Live CD of Fedora without any wasted time and effort. Just wasn’t my cup of tea.

Live CDs are simple to obtain and use. I’ll use Ubuntu as my example. Other Distros are similar. There are two ways to get a Live CD of the latest Ubuntu Distro – download it from the Ubuntu Website (http://www.ubuntu.com/) or order a free CD already burned for you from the same website.

After you get the CD ISO then just burn it to a CD and boot it.

Modern PCs and laptops have a boot provision that allows you to select the boot device. It varies with the maker of the computer. So it’s just a matter of inserting the CD , rebooting the system, and selecting the CD Drive to boot from.

However, doing even this simple procedure could get tedious if you try “testdriving” several hundred Distros.

Some suggestions for narrowing the field:

1. Define your needs. List them out. What do you need with particular attention being given to your unique priorities and application/hardware restraints.
2. Read reviews on the Distros. They are out there and just doing a bit of Googling will get you up to speed and current. Especially if it’s something new, like Ubuntu 11.04 was last May or 11.10 in these days. Get referrals from friends, too
3. Watch the video reviews on youtube (or other video sites), I find them very interesting to get a first impression of the look and feel of a distribution.
4. Then download your much smaller list and “testdrive” them until you narrow down the field to the one you want to go with, a big help can be to use USB stick instead of CD, it’s easier and faster to get a Live distribution on a USB stick, the requisite is usually to have at least 1 GB USB stick.

Google’s your friend here.

Happy “testdriving”!

[ShadowAce]

DistroWatch for lists/reviews of linux distros.

FrozenTech's list of Live CDs.

[ShadowAce]

[ShadowAce]

[ShadowAce]

I like Fedora. It's what I have on my personal laptop, and it fits in nicely with my work environment.

[bigbob]

Try before you buy, then “buy” for free!

Puppy Linux will give an old slow PC a new lease on life. I know a guy who’s been using it to recycle donated PCs for military families.

[NewHampshireDuo]

I’m a Ubuntu fan since many communications applications that I use are based on it.

[JRandomFreeper]

I started with the original Slackware on floppies. I'm running SUSE 11.1 on my personal laptop. SUSE 11.2 on my FreeRadius servers. I think I still have Fedora on one or two legacy boxes. And the old 2.4.19 kernel on an ARM appliance.

But, whatever I pick, and works for the need, I stick with it. I'm not big on updates and moving to the newest.

I have work to do, and don't have time to be installing and figuring out new distros.

/johnny

[ShadowAce]

My kids' computer has Ubuntu on it.

To be honest--and it's probably a lack of familiarity on my part--I don't like it as much. It's based on Debian, and most of my experience (and job experience) has been Red Hat.

[re_nortex]

I'm biased toward Linux from Scratch. I use that a starting point for my homegrown, heavily-customized system. Every single component is built from source (Acrobat Reader and Flash are among the few exceptions) and tweaked for my CPU. Plus the kernel is light, comprised of only the features and drivers that I have on my platform.

[Nervous Tick]

Thanks for the links.

I had no idea there were so many live CD distros!

Live distro-wise, I’ve only used Linux Mint... it works fine for my purposes.

[ShadowAce]

I’ve explored Linux From Scratch, but it’s been several years. Has it gotten any easier?

[JRandomFreeper]

Real men pipe /dev/ttyS0 to /dev/audio and listen to the bits fly by. ;)

/johnny

[ShadowAce]

#!/bin/bash

say() { mplayer “http://translate.google.com/translate_tts?q=$1";; }

[Paradox]

7 years ago I was in to Gentoo, like it fast. Today? Mostly Win XP and 7, seems I have just lost it for Linux. I mean, I tried Ubuntu a couple of years ago, and yeah it was super cool/easy, etc, but I'm back on Win 7.

I guess I will try Linux again soon, especially to open the potential doors to other employment. Question, what distro is the most used out there in the "paying" world, Redhat?

[Michael Barnes]

/12.1

[Michael Barnes]

your command line fu is strong.

[ShadowAce]

I would say Red Hat is the most popular out there.

To learn it, you can use CentOS or Fedora.

[steve86]

SUSE 11.4 has been real good and the upgrade was smooth. Lets you make an easy update to KDE 4.7 with improved performance. But stay away from SUSE 12.1 (RC right now). Been a disaster.

[JRandomFreeper]

I have Festival installed on my machines so they don't need net access to talk to me. ;)

/johnny

[steve86]

Puppy Linux is cute and slick in so many ways but I have never been able to get wireless to work (and keep working) satisfactorily, but for desktops a few years old it is great. For really old desktops and laptops (like my 400 Mhz Celeron) you want something like AntiX, as current Puppy is just too big a bite.